Review Session

Check evolution quiz —

Exam

  • Explain solar nebular disk theory and their steps in system formation

Plate tectonics

  • Constantly moving

  • Plate tectonic boundaries

  • Faults

  • Pushing against each other - subduction plates

Oceanic crust and continental crust

  • Oceanic crust — denser

  • Continental crust — less dense

    • At fault —> more dense dips down, less dense forms mountain

    • Continental crust

  • Relevance: recycling of CO2, creation of land formations

  • Flat plain —> one ecosystem, mountain changes weather patterns and creates different ecological niches, e.g. trench in body diversity

    • Rock cycle and CO2 cycle

    • formation of land that creates new ecological niches

  • Define mantle, lithosphere, asthenosphere

  • Hydrothermal sea vent:

Bondaries:

  • Divergent — pull apart from each other — where hydrothermal is formed because the

  • More rock in the crust

  • Convergent — push into each other

Precipitation removes CO2 from the atmosphere and is put into the rock cycle and is stored in sediment

Formation of oceans

Valley formed by convergent boundary

Water accumulation from meteors — basins

Barriers to adapting to land

  • remember all 8 points to how life was able to move onto land

What are the barriers then adaptations/conditions or changes to the envr that allowed life to move onto land

Gas exchange —> CO2 and O2 are absorbed different in open air than they do in water

Radiometric dating and relative age dating questions

  • Looking at isotopes of certain rock, we know how the elements decay over time (isotope)

  • Relative age dating — suspect material of rock has been “replaced” cosmic dust or boleite impact, date the rock surrounding target rock,

    • Boleite = meteor striking earth, breaks thru atmosphere

Rain Shadow Effect

  • Wind passes over open ocean and passes over oceans and accumulates humidity

  • wind cools as it passes over the mountain

  • Water particles that were once humid and condensation —> coastal cloudiness

    • On one side of mountain

  • When it rains: removes moisture from the air and makes other side of the mountain dry and have no rain

  • Example of how plate tectonics change landscapes

  • Convergent boundary creates mountain and creates rain shadow effect, creating ecological niches and expanding diversity

Relevance of degradation

Rain is physical and chemical weathering because rain is physical and can react with carbon (chemical) and deposited as sediment in calcium carbonate

How does precipitation remove carbon from the atmosphere???

Extinction — be familiar with all 5 mass extinctions

  • Devonian Plant Hypothesis

Go over terms to know

Mass extinction —> a lot of animals disappear and leave behind empty ecological niches that can be filled by evolving species

Cenzoic

  • “age of mammals”

Alluvial fans

Weathering of a rock formation that leads to sediment at the bottom of the formation

  • Accumulation

Fluvial transport

Drainage basins