Study Notes on Plant Morphology

Plant Morphology

• Definition: Plant morphology is the study of the structural features of plants. It is vital for the visual identification of plant species.
• Scope:
  • Observes both vegetative (non-reproductive) and reproductive features of the plants.
  • Deals with:
  • Plant growth habits
  • Overall architecture of plants
  • Development pattern
  • Process of origination and maturation of plants.
• Purpose: Morphological differences are used for the classification of plants.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) on Plant Morphology

Questions and Options:

1. Water absorption in plants occurs primarily at:

   • a. Root cap
   • b. Root apex
   • c. Root hairs
   • d. Root

2. Roots that develop from plant parts other than the radicle are called:

   • a. Epicaulous
   • b. Fibrous
   • c. Adventitious
   • d. Epiphyllous

3. Pneumatophores are typically found in plants growing in:

   • a. Marshy soil
   • b. Saline soil
   • c. Water
   • d. Sandy soil

4. Food present in bulbils occurs in:

   • a. Root
   • b. Petiole
   • c. Leaf base
   • d. Stem

5. Sweet potato is a modification of:

   • a. Leaf
   • b. Primary root
   • c. Adventitious root
   • d. Underground root

6. Phyllotaxy refers to:

   • a. Folding leaf in the bud
   • b. Arrangement of leaves on the stem
   • c. Both (1) and (2)
   • d. None

7. Winged petiole is characteristic of:

   • a. Acacia
   • b. Peepal
   • c. Citrus
   • d. Radish

8. Which of the following is a characteristic of monocot plants?

   • a. Stilt roots
   • b. Taproots
   • c. Fibrous roots
   • d. Annulated roots

9. Which root modification does not store food?

   • a. Stilt
   • b. Conical
   • c. Napiform
   • d. Tuberous

10. Bulbils participate in:

    • a. Vegetative reproduction
    • b. Sexual reproduction
    • c. Respiration
    • d. Transpiration

11. Nodulated roots enrich the plant with:

    • a. Proteins
    • b. Fats
    • c. Carbohydrates
    • d. Food

12. The edible part of a banana is composed of:

    • a. Epicarp and mesocarp
    • b. Epicarp
    • c. Mesocarp and less developed endocarp
    • d. Endocarp and less developed mesocarp

13. Which plant has all roots?

    • a. Podostemon
    • b. Utricularia
    • c. Lemna
    • d. Wolffia

14. Velamen takes part in:

    • a. Exchange of gases
    • b. Transpiration
    • c. Absorption of moisture from the air
    • d. Absorption of water from the soil

15. Leaves are attached to the stem at:

    • a. Internode
    • b. Nodes
    • c. Apical meristem
    • d. Axillary meristem

16. Plants with root pockets include:

    • a. Opuntia
    • b. Capparis
    • c. Banyan
    • d. Eichhornia

17. Turmeric is classified as a stem because:

    • a. It grows parallel to the soil surface
    • b. It stores food material
    • c. It has chlorophyll
    • d. It has nodes and internodes

18. Vivipary is a characteristic of:

    • a. Mesophytes
    • b. Xerophytes
    • c. Hydrophytes
    • d. Halophytes

19. The outer covering of the epiphytic root is identified as:

    • a. Rhizophore
    • b. Osmophore
    • c. Pneumatophore
    • d. Velamen

20. A root hair does not contain:

    • a. Vacuole
    • b. Chloroplast
    • c. Cell wall
    • d. Nucleus

Answer Key:

1. c
2. c
3. a
4. c
5. c
6. b
7. c
8. c
9. a
10. a
11. a
12. c
13. a
14. c
15. b
16. d
17. d
18. d
19. d
20. b

Additional Resources

• Related Topics:
  • Morphology of Leaves
  • Root Modifications
  • Parts of Plants
  • Important Questions for classes 11 and 12 in Biology