Notes - Neoclassicism (04/02)

Neoclassicism

• Late 18th century art movement

• Grand tour

• Bolder reaction against the artificiality of the Rococo

• Artists start use historical or mythological stories to convey a message

• Emphasis on civic moment

Artwork

• Jacques-Louis David, The Oath of the Horatii

• Pietro Antonio Martini, The Salon

• Francisco Goya, Family Portrait

• Eugène Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People

• J. M. W. Turner, Slave Ship

• Gustave Courbet, Stonebreakers

• Gardener, Abraham Lincoln & his son

• Thomas Le Clear, Interior with Portraits

Art Academics

• 18th and 19th century Europe

• French Academy (1648)

• Academics provided training and artists could exhibit their work

• Developed a hierarchy of genres

Romanticism

• First half of the 19th century

• Reflects the turmoil of European and American Revolutions

• Emphasis on individuality

• May feature bold brush strokes, dynamic composition, and vivid colors

• Reflects power of beauty and nature

• Rejection of industrialization

Realism

• Underlying political message, social change, inequality of the poor

• Did not have a social/ political

Photography

• 1860s, daguerreotype camera is commonly used, photographic portraits were common; artists lose income

• ‏Debate over the role of painters vs photographers

• Could portraits made with a camera be considered art?