Untitled Flashcard Set

Mordechai Gebirtig

Poet in Holocaust who wrote songs to inspire Jewish people. Wrote the poem "S'brent", a warning to Jews in Germany of tragedies to come. Written early in process of Jewish persecution. Wrote "Minutn fun Bitokn" which expressed the hope that the Jews would be avenged

Aryan

Germanic people seen as the master race; means noble

Der ewige Jude

"The Eternal Jew" Movie that compared the Jews to rats

Einsatzgruppen

Nazi strike forces that killed innocent Jews with their infamous "death squads"

Fusgayer

Means pedestrians. Romanian Jews that left World War I on foot. Theatrical troupes who performed improvised shows with songs, skit, and comedy

Hirsh Glik

A poet during Holocaust that wanted to inspire Jews. Wrote "Partisaner Lid". Became an anthem of the resistance that ended with the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

Klezmer

traditional eastern European Jewish music

Mamele

"Little Mother" featuring Molly Picon. Yiddish film about a girl who takes the responsibility of caring for her younger siblings after mother dies however she leaves to live with a musician

Social Darwinism

The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.

Treblinka

Death camp in Poland. 850,000 Jews were murdered in gas chambers in just one year. In 1943 the camp was blown up by an uprising of the remaining 600 prisoners, all but 40 died.

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Abraham Ellstein

Main composer of Yiddish theater in the U.S. Became famous for working with Molly Picon; also a composer

Abraham Reisin

poet; wrote very passionate poetry, full of allegory and messages about people rising to throw off oppression

Al Jolson

first talking movie (1927) The "Jazz Singer"

Alexander Olshanetsky

Main composer of Yiddish theater in the U.S. Well-versed in cantorial music. Adaptation of Goldfaden's Bar Kokhba

boarders

a person who rents a room from another person; usually a man living with another man and his wife

Boris Tomashevsky

Key figure in American Yiddish theater. Started own company and stole Goldfaden's material. Produced Di Kishefmacherin (The Witch) Russian literary critic

David Edelshtat

Was a poet, sweatshop worker, and learned Yiddish later in life

Ellis Island

Immigration processing center that open in New York Harbor in 1892

Final Solution

Hitler's program of systematically killing the entire Jewish people

Ghettos

Sections of towns and cities in which Jews were forced to live.

Hekhsher Tzedek

a certification program for kosher food produced in the United States; a complementary certification for kosher food that meets Jewish Halakhic standards.

Holocaust

the Nazi program of exterminating Jews under Hitler

HIAS

Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society

Irving Berlin

A twentieth-century American writer of popular songs. His songs include "God Bless America," "White Christmas," and "There's no Business like Show Business."

Jacob Gordin

Russian-American playwright active in the early years of Yiddish theater. He is known for introducing realism and naturalism into Yiddish theater.

Jewish Daily Forward

1897 daily newspaper for jewish americans, helped maintain yiddish culture while becoming more american

Joseph Rumshinsky

Main composer of Yiddish theater in the U.S. Wrote numerous shows for stages and productions. Most famous work is The Broken Violin. Moved onto synagogue music

Kristallnacht

"Night of Broken Glass," when Nazis attacked Jews throughout Germany

landmanshaft

aid society for Jewish immigrants originating from the same European town

letter songs

educational songs teaching the Hebrew alphabet

Maurice Schwartz

stage/film actor, founded yi**ish art theater in New York

Molly Picon

Great Yiddish film star. Played Yente the Matchmaker in Fiddler on the Roof. Known for being Yidl (the star) in Yidl Mitn Fidl. Featured in the film "Mamele"

Morris Rosenfeld

Poet writes about working conditions in factories, triangle shirtwaist factory

Morris Winchevsky

a prominent Jewish socialist leader and he published poems, stories, and articles in socialist Hebrew newspapers in the late 1870s; He was arrested and expelled from Prussia.

Nativism

Favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones

Partisan Hymn

song to commemorate the Holocaust (Hirsh Glik)

Protocols of the Elders of Zion

an antisemitic fabricated text describing a Jewish plan for global domination

Sholom Secunda

composer of Yiddish theater "Bei Mir Bistu Shein" and "Donna Donna"

Terezin

A "model" camp set up by Nazis in Czechoslovakia. Used to show organizations like the Red Cross how well the Jews were being treated. Most inmates here were later sent to death camps.

The Jazz Singer

the first movie with sound synchronized to the action

Tin Pan Alley

district in NYC housed American pop music, name from cacophony of pianos

Triangle Fire

factory caught on fire and without escape routes and safety measures many died

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

a revolt that took place in the Warsaw Ghetto when the Germans attempted to deport the remaining inhabitants to Treblinka. The defense forces fought the Germans for 27 days before the ghetto was destroyed

WEVD

a Yiddish radio station; its tagline was 'the station that speaks your language'

Yidl Mit'n Fidl

Yidl with his Fiddle starring Yidl (Molly Picon). Yiddish movie is about a girl who dresses up as a boy to perform music with her dad and try to make a living

Yossele Rosenblatt

famous cantor of the first half of the 20th century; ashkenazi chazzen and composer