SECOND YEAR FOURTH SEMESTER UNDERGRADUATE COURSE INSTITUTE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION SUPY 205 UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY B.Sc. - PSYCHOLOGY PAPER - VIII
WELCOME
Warm Greetings from the Institute of Distance Education, University of Madras.
Introduction of Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) in Semester pattern from the academic year 2018-19.
Students can choose courses as per the Regulations to meet total credits required for each course and degree.
Explanation of Credits
Definition of Credit: To earn one credit, a student must spend 30 hours of learning.
Courses have weightage in terms of credits based on subject complexity.
Example: A course with 4 credits requires 120 hours of self-learning.
Assessment and Examination
Assessment includes:
- Tests, Assignments, and Quizzes (classroom or fieldwork).
- Continuous Internal Assessment for 20% (UG) or 25% (PG); End Semester Exam for 80% (UG) or 75% (PG).
In examinations, students demonstrate skills: knowledge, memory, application, analysis, comprehension, and writing.
Faculty Support
Students will be guided by experienced faculty throughout their learning journey
Encouragement to choose the right courses and plan for success
Greetings from Director
Best wishes from the Director for a successful academic year.
SYLLABUS
Course Objectives
Understand the nature and process of counseling.
Awareness of counseling theories and techniques.
Understand areas of application for counseling.
Develop necessary knowledge and skills for effective counseling.
Units of Study
Unit I: Introduction to Counseling: Definition, Purpose, Goals, Ethics.
Unit II: Theories of Counseling: Person-Centered, Cognitive, Behavioral.
Unit III: Areas of Counseling: Group, Family, Child, Delinquent, Pre-marital, Marriage, Drug Addicts, Crisis Intervention, Career.
Unit IV: Counseling Process: Stages, Basic Skills, Communication and Relationship Skills.
Unit V: Assessment and Formulation in Counseling: Case formulation and planning for counseling.
References
Corey, G. (1996). Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy. 5th ed. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Narayana Rao, S. (2002). Counseling and Guidance. 2nd ed. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill.
Belkin, G. S. (1988). Introduction to Counseling. W. G.: Brown Publishers.
Nelson, J. (1982). The Theory and Practice of Counseling Psychology. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Patterson, L. W. & Welfel, E. R. (2000). The Counseling Process. 5th ed. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
SCHEME OF LESSONS
Lesson 1: Introduction to Counseling
Lesson 2: Purpose and Goals of Counseling
Lesson 3: Ethics in Counseling
Lesson 4: Person-Centered Counseling
Lesson 5: Cognitive Counseling
Lesson 6: Behavioral Counseling
Lesson 7: Group Counseling
Lesson 8: Child Counseling
Lesson 9: Counseling the Delinquents
Lesson 10: Family Counseling
Lesson 11: Marriage Counseling
Lesson 12: Pre-Marital Counseling
Lesson 13: Counseling Drug Addicts
Lesson 14: Crisis Intervention Counseling
Lesson 15: Career Counseling
Lesson 16: Stages of the Counseling Process
Lesson 17: Basic Skills for Counseling
Lesson 18: Assessment in Counseling
Lesson 19: Formulation of Case in Counseling
LESSON-1: INTRODUCTION TO COUNSELING
Introduction
Modern life leads to various psychological and social issues, creating a demand for counseling.
Everyday challenges include academic pressure, peer pressure, family crises, and substance abuse, among others.
Learning Objectives
Historical development of counseling psychology.
Understand the concept of counseling.
Define counseling and explain its characteristics.
Outline the emergence of counseling in India.
1.1 Historical Development of Counseling Psychology
Counseling psychology evolved through significant historical milestones highlighted by John Whiteley.
First Period (1908-1950): Initial influences from the vocational guidance movement, mental health movement, psychometric movement, and development of counseling from non-medical perspectives. American Psychological Association (APA) established Guidance and Counseling as a division.
Second Period (1951-1956): Development of definitions and training standards. Division name changed to Counseling Psychology.
Third Period (1954-1962): Conflict concerning the status and focus of counseling psychology. Appearance of the Journal of Counseling Psychology.
Fourth Period (1963-1967): Greyston Conference identifying major issues and needed future directions. Behavioral therapy and existential approaches debated.
Fifth Period (1968-1976): Assignment of remedial, preventive, and educative roles to counseling psychologists.
Sixth Period (1977-1983): Reexamination of professional identity and role. Consensus on professional development and challenges.
Seventh Period (1984-2000): Influence from outside the specialty, changes in public awareness, emergence of multicultural and spiritual counseling.
1.2 The Emergence of Counseling
The role of giving counsel has evolved; it is more widespread today than historically confined to a few specialists.
Counseling has become integral to many professions including healthcare and education and is required for modern living.
1.3 Definition of Counseling
Counseling is a contested term with multiple definitions reflecting both ordinary and professional contexts.
American Counseling Association (ACA): “The application of mental health, psychological or human development principles …”
British Association for Counseling and Psychotherapy (BACP): “Counseling and psychotherapy are umbrella terms that cover a range of talking therapies …”
Various psychologists have different definitions emphasizing comprehension, relationship and emotional resolution.
Key Concepts in Counseling Definitions
Counseling is a two-way process.
Involves mutual understanding and respect.
Aims to help individuals towards self-realization and decision-making.
1.4 Characteristics of Counseling
Two individuals involved: helper and seeker.
Mutual respect and trust between counselor and counselee.
Aim is decision-making and acquiring a sense of responsibility.
More than mere advice-giving; focuses on self-exploration.
Emotional change versus solely intellectual change.
1.5 Counseling as a Helping Relationship
Counseling is a helping relationship that involves understanding interpersonal dynamics.
Psychological conflicts hinder personal achievements, and counselors facilitate understanding and resolution.
Features of a Helping Relationship
Personal and intimate connections.
Emotional engagement.
Integrity and voluntariness in help seeking.
Consent between parties.
Awareness and trust in the helper.
Interaction-focused exchange.
Defined structure and goals.
1.6 Counseling in India
Historical context highlights coaching traditions like 'guru-shishya parampara'.
Rapid socio-economic changes necessitate professional counseling; prevalent in urban but lacking in rural areas.
Counseling frameworks primarily influenced by Western models, needing adaptation for cultural relevance.
1.7 Summary
Historical roots trace back to vocational guidance.
Counseling psychology evolved to recognize personal growth alongside psychological aid.
Key Terms
Frank Parsons: Father of vocational guidance.
Greyston Conference: Meeting to address professional identity issues in counseling.
Check Your Progress
Discuss the historical events shaping counseling psychology.
Define ‘counseling’ and its primary characteristics.
Answers for Check Your Progress
Key historical events include formation, recognition, and evolution of counseling divisions within psychology.
Counseling facilitates self-exploration, emphasizes mutual respect, and focuses on emotional change.
Subsequent Lessons Overview
Lessons will cover areas such as the purpose and goals of counseling, ethical considerations, various counseling strategies, techniques, and specific types of counseling like marriage, family, crisis, and child counseling. Each lesson will delve into detailed explanations, objectives, key terms, concepts and review questions to enhance understanding of Counseling Psychology.