6| Plurals (1)
Non-final and final position
final vowel → last vowel in a word
“Rose” → “O” is non-final, “E” is final.
In words with only one vowel, the vowel is also final.
Vowel changes
| Original vowel | Non-final position | Final position |
|---|---|---|
| a, á, â | e | ai/e*/i* |
| e, é, ê | e | i, í, î |
| i, í, î | i | i, í, î |
| o, ô | e/o* | ui/y/ŷ |
| u | y | y |
| ú | ú | ú |
| û | Doesn’t exist | ui |
| y, ŷ | Doesn’t exist | y, ŷ |
Final position A → E
When the final “A” is followed by 2+ consonants that aren’t a single sound, OR, when a word ends in “M” or “NG”, you use “E” as a plural, rather than “AI”.
Examples:
Bardh (home) = Berdh (homes).
Carf (weapon) = Cerf (weapons).
Narn (tale) = Nern (tales).
Parf (book) = Perf (books).
Úgarth (misdeed, sin) = Úgerth (misdeeds, sins).
Final position A → I
Only 6 words:
Fela (sett, boring, tunnel) = Fili (setts, borings, tunnels).
Madha (mud) = Medhi (muds).
Nadha (bond, fetter) = Nedhi (bonds, fetters).
Thala (steady, firm) = Theli.
Thela (spearpoint) = Theli (spearpoints).
Tara (tough, stiff) = Teri (toughs, stiffs).
Non-final position O remaining O
If the word is a compound, the first “O” doesn’t change.
Examples:
Morchant (shadow cast by light) = Morchaint (shadows cast by light).
Rochben (horselord, rider of Rohan) = Rochbin (horselords, riders of Rohan).
Final position O → UI / Y
Monosyllabic words with final “O” should change to “UI”
Examples:
Thôn (pine tree) = Thuin (pine trees).
Roch (horse) = Ruich (horses).
Final SS
| Original consonant | Final position only |
|---|---|
| SS | S |
Because the double consonant SS reduces to the single consonant S, this counts as a single consonant when working out whether a final A should be E or AI.
Therefore:
Rass (horn) = Rais (horns).
And not Res.
Examples
Bar (house) = Bair (houses) \n Adan (Man) = Edain (Men) - this is the Race of Man, as in "I am a Man, not an Elf" rather than "he's a man, she's a woman". \n Hên (child) = Hîn (children) - the lengthened vowel indicated by the accent stays long \n Benn (man) = Binn (men) \n Leber (finger) = Lebir (fingers) \n Lim (fish) = Lim (fish). \n Gildin (silver spark) = Gildin (silver sparks) \n Solch (edible root) = Suilch (edible roots) \n Torog (troll) = Teryg (trolls) \n Haru (wound) = Hery (wounds) \n Amlug (dragon) = Emlyg (dragons) \n Drúadan (wild man, Wose) = Drúedain (wild men, Woses). \n Hûn (heart) = Huin (hearts) \n Mŷl (gull) = Mŷl (gulls) \n Lass (leaf) = Lais (leaves)