Knowt
Homeostasis
Transport systems refers to the various ways substances move in and out of the cell. There are two forms of transport systems;
Passive Transport system: The movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration without the use of energy. These includes the following;
Diffusion is the movement of substances from the region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration.
Facilitated Diffusion: This is the movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration with the help of carrier proteins.
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region lower concentration
Active transport: The movement of substances from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration with the use of energy.
Osmotic Pressure: This is the minimum pressure applied to a solution to prevent the in flow of external liquid across the semi-permeable membrane
Hydrostatic Pressure: This is the pressure exerted by a liquid due to gravity.
Osmolality: This is the concentration of a solution expressed as the total number of solute particles per kilogram
Factors that affect cell membrane permeability
Temperature
the level of cell hydration
the nature of solutes
Molecular size
Carrier Mediated Transport: This refers to ways by which molecules are transported across a membrane using special proteins called carrier proteins.
Homeostasis: This is a self regulating process where an organism’s system tends to maintain stability by adjusting to conditions best for survival.
Steps in Homeostasis
Detection/Receptor: In this process, specialized structures in the body sense the change.
Integration/Control center: The receptors send information to the control center of the body (the brain). This center interprets the signals and determines in changes are necessary.
Response/Effector: The control center sends information to the effector (organs or systems) to bring conditions back to normal