14.2 - 14.3 (Vapor Pressure & Boiling Point, Forming Solutions)

14.2

Vapor Pressure: Pressure at which the rate of vaporization equals the rate of condensation

Boiling Point: Temperature at which the vapor pressure equals the atmospheric pressure

The stronger the IMF (Intermolecular Forces), the lower the vapor pressure.

The stronger the IMF, the higher the boiling point.

14.3 Forming Solutions

Solution = solvent + solute

Solubility: amount of solute that dissolves in 100g solvent at a given temperature

Solvation: based upon IMF’s “Like dissolves like”

• polar-polar

• nonpolar-nonpolar

Unsaturated: less than max amount of solute

Saturated: max amount of solute added

Super saturated: greater than max amount added (unstable)

Rate of Solvation

• Surface Area: the greater the surface area, the greater the rate

• Agitation: the faster the mixing, the greater the rate

• Temperature: the greater the temperature, the greater the rate