body system
Digestive System
- T: Digestive System
- D: Breaks down food to extract nutrients and energy for survival.
- T: Main Organs of Digestion
- D: Mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas.
- T: Stomach
- D: Uses gastric acids to break down food.
- T: Small Intestine
- D: Absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream.
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### 🚽 The Excretory System
- T: Excretory System
- D: Removes waste and maintains water and electrolyte balance.
- T: Kidneys
- D: Filter blood and produce urine.
- T: Ureters, Bladder, Urethra
- D: Transport and store urine before excretion.
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### 🌬 The Respiratory System
- T: Respiratory System
- D: Enables gas exchange, supplying oxygen and removing carbon dioxide.
- T: Main Structures
- D: Lungs, trachea, diaphragm.
- T: Alveoli
- D: Tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs.
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### ❤ The Circulatory System
- T: Circulatory System
- D: Transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste throughout the body.
- T: Heart
- D: Muscular organ that pumps blood through the body.
- T: Blood Vessels
- D: Include arteries (carry oxygenated blood), veins (carry deoxygenated blood), and capillaries (site of gas exchange).
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### 🫀 Heart Anatomy
- T: Right Atrium
- D: Receives deoxygenated blood from the body.
- T: Right Ventricle
- D: Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery.
- T: Left Atrium
- D: Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
- T: Left Ventricle
- D: Pumps oxygenated blood to the body through the aorta.
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### 🩸 Gas Exchange in the Circulatory System
- T: Capillaries
- D: Tiny blood vessels where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs.
- T: Pulmonary Capillaries
- D: Oxygen enters the blood, and carbon dioxide is expelled.
- T: Systemic Capillaries
- D: Oxygen is delivered to tissues, and carbon dioxide is collected for removal.
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### 🧠 The Nervous System
- T: Nervous System
- D: Controls body functions and responses to stimuli.
- T: Central Nervous System (CNS)
- D: Includes the brain and spinal cord; processes information.
- T: Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
- D: Transmits signals between CNS and the body.
- T: Neurons
- D: Nerve cells that send electrical signals.
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### ⚡ Nervous Responses
- T: Normal Nervous Response
- D: Involves brain processing; slower but coordinated.
- T: Reflex Response
- D: Automatic and rapid; processed by the spinal cord, not the brain.
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### 🩺 The Endocrine System
- T: Endocrine System
- D: Regulates body functions through hormones.
- T: Hormones
- D: Chemical messengers traveling through the bloodstream.
- T: Hypothalamus
- D: Links the nervous system to the endocrine system.
- T: Pituitary Gland
- D: "Master gland" that regulates other glands.
- T: Thyroid Gland
- D: Controls metabolism and energy levels.
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### 🛡 The Lymphatic System and Immunity
- T: Lymphatic System
- D: Helps with immunity and fluid balance.
- T: Lymph
- D: Fluid containing white blood cells and waste products.
- T: Lymph Nodes
- D: Filter lymph and trap harmful substances.
- T: Spleen
- D: Removes old blood cells and supports immune function.
- T: Immune Surveillance
- D: Identifies and fights infections.
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