Biotechnology

Apply Gene Therapy To Type 1 Diabetes

  1. Take cells from the patients pancreas (beta cells in Islet of Langerhans)

  2. Isolate the insulin gene from healthy donor and cut it upstream and downstream with restriction enzyme

  3. Isolate a viral DNA and cut with same restriction enzyme

  4. Combine cut viral DNA and insulin gene and ligate together in a process called ligation

  5. Allow altered virus to infect patient with diabetes 1’s cells (in the lab in-vitro)

  6. Altered cells are implanted back into patient’s pancreas

  7. Altered cells will now transcribe and translate insulin gene


Parkinson’s

  1. Take some skin cells from patient

  2. Add some chemicals (induced pluripotent factors

  3. Cells we have created are undifferentiated, capable by mitosis to turn into any cell

  4. Force these cells to differentiate to a neuron (nervous tissue)

  5. Put back into patient healthy cells (Cells from you, immune system will not reject. If there was a genetic factor


Alzheimers


Recombinant DNA & Gene Therapy

  1. Gene of interest removed from “healthy donor” using restriction enzyme.

    Recombinant DNA

    1. Plasmid (vector) removed from bacteria and cut with some restriction enzyme

    2. Cut plasmid and “gene of interest” mixed and ligated together in a process called ligation.

    3. Recombinant DNA (plasmid + gene of interest) inserted back into bacteria.

    4. Bacteria multiply and transcribe and translate gene of interest

    5. Gene of interest protein/hormone is collected, purified and bottled.

    6. Bottled/hormone injected into patient

    Gene Therapy

    1. Viral DNA in vitro (vector) removed from virus and cut with same restriction enzyme

    2. Cut viral DNA and “gene of interest” is combined by ligate in a process called ligation.

    3. Viral DNA and gene of interest inserted back into virus.

      In vitro

    4. Cells from patient with the faulty gene is removed

    5. Virus inject DNA (with gene of interest) into patient’s cells in the lab

    6. Altered cells are placed back into patient.

    7. Patient’s “new” cells transcribe and translate gene of interest

      In vivo

    1. Inject patient with altered virus

    2. Virus inject patients cells with gene of interest

    3. Patient’s new cells with gene of interest is transcribed and translated