Internet of Things (IoT) Notes

Introduction to the Internet of Things (IoT)

Internet: A global network of identifiable networks (public IP addresses) accessible through a standard communication protocol (TCP/IP).
Object: Something that cannot be precisely identified.
Internet of Things (IoT): A global network of things communicating through a standard protocol.

Kevin Ashton (1999): Coined the term "Internet of Things" to describe radio-frequency identification (RFID) microchips.
Cisco Internet Business Solutions Group (IBSG): Estimated the birth of IoT between 2008 and 2009 when the number of connected "things or objects" exceeded the number of people connected to the internet.

Wikipedia: "The Internet of Things represents the extension of the Internet to things and places in the physical world."
Pierre-Jean Benghozi, Sylvain Bureau, and Françoise Massit-Folléa: "The Internet of Things is a network of networks that allows, via standardized and unified electronic identification systems and wireless mobile devices, to directly and unambiguously identify digital entities and physical objects, and thus be able to retrieve, store, transfer, and process the data related to them."
General Definition: A network of physical objects embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet.

1987: Coca-Cola vending machine at Carnegie Mellon University, considered the world's first IoT device, connected to ARPANET.
1990: IoT Toaster was invented.
2000: LG connected refrigerator.
2005: ITU published its first report on the topic.
2014: Smart Docklands project in Dublin.

Omnipresent Connectivity: A wide variety of wireless connectivity solutions enable connecting "everything."
Availability and Widespread Adoption of IP (Internet Protocol).
Miniaturization and Low Cost of Electronic Components.
Progress in Cloud Computing: Availability of services that allow leveraging computing capabilities with physical objects.
Progress in Big Data: A multitude of algorithms are available for collecting and analyzing data.
Growth of the Mass Market: The vision of a connected world has reached maturity and the engagement is irreversible.
Example: Raspberry Pi Zero, costing $5, exemplifies miniaturization of electronic components.