theories

Alastair MacIntyre- well known ethicist who wrote about making ethical decisions

  • Moral theory- morality should have less authority over people’s lives

  • Virtue theory- morality of developing the habits to lead a good life

  • Moral goods- respect to a community engaging in a ‘practice’ called external goods

Abraham Maslow-organized the human needs into a pyramid, with basic needs at the bottom and more advanced need at the top

  1. Physiological needs, needs for basic life, breathing food water shelter

  2. Safety and security, health employment family

  3. Love and belonging, friendship and intimacy

  4. Self-esteem, confidence

  5. Self actualization, morality and inner potential

Jean Piaget theory- children’s thinking and reasoning skills through stages as the interact with the world

Four stages of cognitive development

  • 1. Sensorimotor stage- birth to 2 years

  • Movements and sensation

  • 2. Pre operational stage- 2 to 7

  • Begins to think and use words, struggling to see things from other’s perspective

  • 3. Concrete operational stage-7 to 11

  • Logically thinking and beginning to understand the concept of conversation

  • 4. Formal operational stage- 12 and up

  • Can think abstractly, reason, and think more about moral