ENZYMES

%%Enzymes are proteins.%%

%%they work well in 37 degree Celsius , a little bit higher and then they’d break.%%

%%This tells us why having a high temperature would almost kill you , as enzymes don’t work as well in heat than they do in warm temperatures , causing you to die.%%

The different types of Enzymes are:

→^^Oxidoreductases^^ = Catalyse the transfer of electrons from one molecule to another.

                                     ±1 molecule = The oxidant , the hydrogen or the electron.

                                     ± 2 molecule = The reductant , the hydrogen or electron acceptor.

→^^Transferases^^ = Catalyse the transfer of a group of atoms.

→^^Hydrolases^^ = Catalyse bond cleavages by reaction with water .

→^^Lyases^^ = Catalysing additional 7 elimination reactions.

→^^Isomerases^^ = Catalysing interconversion of isomers , molecules showing the same atomic compassion but different arrangements of chemical groups.

→^^Ligases^^ = Catalysing the reaction of joining tow large molecules by establishing a new chemical bond.

}}CATALYSTS}}

→Substances that speed up a chemical reaction.

→Enzymes are specific for one particular reaction or group of related reactions.

→Many reaction cannot occur without the correct Enzyme present.

}}Normal characteristic of Enzymes:}}

Enzymes are really good at their really major roles in three major ways:

→They have enormous enzyme action.

→They are highly specific.

}}Levels of specificity:}}

  • ^^Absolute^^ - They are the only ones who should be partnered (lock and key theory )
  • ^^Relative^^ - They are with in the family of a compound or a substance.
  1. Examples:→Toothpaste - Relative
  2. →Toothbrush - Absolute
  • ^^Stereospecificity^^ → Depends on streoismer
  • ^^Catalysts^^ → also called enzyme action.