personality disorders

PERSONALITY DISORDERS MOD#2

PERSONALITY FORMS
• GENES - YOUR PARENTS MAY PASS DOWN SOME PERSONALITY TRAITS TO YOU. SOMETIMES THESE TRAITS ARE CALLED YOUR TEMPERAMENT.
• ENVIRONMENT - THIS INCLUDES YOUR SURROUNDINGS, EVENTS THAT HAVE HAPPENED TO YOU AND AROUND YOU , AND RELATIONSHIPS AND PATTERNS OF INTERACTIONS WITH FAMILY MEMBERS AND OTHERS.

CLUSTER A
CLUSTER A PERSONALITY DISORDERS INVOLVE UNUSUAL AND ECCENTRIC THINKING OR BEHAVIORS.

PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
CAUSES PATTERNS OF DISTRUSTFUL BEHAVIOR. PEOPLE WITH THIS PERSONALITY DISORDER OFTEN FEELSUSPICIOUS ABOUT THE MOTIVES OF OTHERS OR FEAR THAT OTHERS INTEND TO HARM THEM. AS RESULT THEY FIND IT HARD TO CONFIDE WITH OTHERS THE DISORDER APPEARS IN EARLY ADULTHOOD AND MOST COMMON IN MEN THAN WOMEN.

• DIFFICULTY TRUSTING OTHERS
• UNJUSTIFIED SUSPICION THAT OTHERS ARE BEING DISLOYAL WITHOUT REASON
• RELUCTANCE TO CONFIDE IN OTHERS OUT OF FEAR THEY’LL USE THE INFORMATION AGAINST YOU
• PERCEPTION OF INNOCENT REMARKS AS THREATENING OR INSULTING
• ANGER AT PERCEIVED ATTACKS
• TENDENCY TO HOLD A GRUDGE
• UNJUSTIFIED FEAR THAT A SPOUSE OR ROMANTIC PARTNER IS BEING UNFAITHFUL
• HYPERSENSITIVE AND DO NOT TAKE CRITICISM WELL

CAUSES
• A FAMILY HISTORY OF SCHIZOPRENIA OR DELUSIONAL
DISORDER
• EARLY CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES INCLUDING PHYSICAL OR
EMOTIONAL TRAUMA

TREATMENT
• PSYCHOTHERAPHY – COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY
• MEDICATIONS- ANTIDEPRESSANT , ANTIPYSCHOTIC

SCHIZOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
IS AN UNCOMMON CONDITION THAT CAUSES PEOPLE TO AVOID SOCIAL ACTIVITIES AND HAVE TROUBLE DISPLAYING EMOTION. TO OTHERS, PEOPLE WITH SCHIZOID PERSONALIT DISORDER MAY SEEM HUMORLESS OR COLD. DISORDER USUALLY BEGINS IN EARLY ADULTHOOD THOUGH SOME FEATURES MAYBE NOTICEABLE DURING CHILDHOOD
• PREFERRING TO BE ALONE
• NOT WANTING OR ENJOYING CLOSE FRIENDSHIPS
• FEELING UNABLE TO EXPERIENCE PLEASURE FROM ANYTHING
• HAVING DIFFICULTY EXPRESSING EMOTIONS
• HAVING DIFFICULTY REACTING APPROPRIATELY TO EMOTIONAL SITUATIONS
• FEELING LITTLE OR NO DESIRE FOR SEXUAL RELATIONSHIPS

CAUSES
COMBINATION OF GENETICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
PARTICULARLY IN CHILDHOOD
- EXPERIENCE ABUSE OR NEGLECT AS A CHILD
-A FAMILY HISTORY OF DISORDER OR SCHIZOPRENIA
- HAVING AN EMOTIONALLY DETACHED PARENTS
TREATMENT
• PSYCHOTHERAPHY – COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY

SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
• ARE OFTEN DESCRIBED AS HAVING UNUSUAL PERSONALITIES. THEY TEND TO HAVE
FEW INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS, DISTRUST OTHERS, AND EXPERIENCE A GREAT DEAL
OF SOCIAL ANXIETY.
• MAGICAL THINKING
• USING A PECULIAR STYLE OF SPEECH OR UNUSUAL SPEAKING PATTERNS
• LACKING CLOSE FRIENDS
• DRESSING IN UNUSUAL WAYS
• BELIEVING THEY HAVE UNUSUAL POWERS, SUCH AS THE ABILITY TO INFLUENCE EVENTS WITH
THEIR THOUGHTS
• EXPERIENCING UNUSUAL SENSATIONS, SUCH AS HEARING A VOICE THAT ISN’T THERE
• HAVING UNUSUAL BELIEFS, BEHAVIORS, OR MANNERISMS
• BEING SUSPICIOUS OF OTHERS WITHOUT REASON
• HAVING INAPPROPRIATE REACTIONS

CAUSES
• A FAMILY HISTORY OF SCHIZOPRENIA OR DELUSIONAL
DISORDER
• EARLY CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES INCLUDING PHYSICAL OR
EMOTIONAL TRAUMA.
TREATMENT
PSYCHOTHERAPHY – COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY

TREATMENT
COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPHY - THIS IS A TYPE OF TALK THERAPY THAT FOCUSES ON MAKING YOU MORE AWARE OF YOUR THOUGHT PATTERNS, ALLOWING YOU TO BETTER CONTROL THEM. DIALECTICAL BEHAVIORAL THERAPY. THIS TYPE OF THERAPY IS
CLOSELY RELATED TO COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY. IT OFTEN INVOLVES A COMBINATION OF INDIVIDUAL TALK THERAPY AND GROUP SESSIONS TO LEARN SKILLS FOR HOW TO MANAGE YOUR SYMPTOMS.PSYCHOEDUCATION. THIS TYPE OF THERAPY FOCUSES ON HELPING YOU BETTER UNDERSTAND YOUR CONDITION AND WHAT IT
INVOLVES.

CLUSTER B
INVOLVE DRAMATIC AND ERRATIC BEHAVIORS. PEOPLE WITH THESE TYPES OF CONDITIONS DISPLAY INTENSE, UNSTABLE EMOTIONS AND IMPULSIVE BEHAVIORS.

BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER
IS A MENTAL ILLNESS THAT SEVERELY IMPACTS A PERSON'S ABILITY TO MANAGE
THEIR EMOTIONS. THIS LOSS OF EMOTIONAL CONTROL CAN INCREASE IMPULSIVITY,
AFFECT HOW A PERSON FEELS ABOUT THEMSELVES, AND NEGATIVELY IMPACT THEIR
RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHERS.

THEY HAVE EXTREME MOOD SWINGS, THEY HAVE A HIGHER RISK OF SUICIDE AND
SELF-DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIOR.

DISORDER USUALLY BEGINS IN LATE ADOLESCENCE OR EALY ADULTHOOD

• HAS A STRONG FEAR OF BEING ALONE OR ABANDONED.
• HAS ONGOING FEELINGS OF EMPTINESS.
• SEES SELF AS BEING UNSTABLE OR WEAK.
• HAS DEEP RELATIONSHIPS THAT ARE NOT STABLE.
• HAS UP AND DOWN MOODS, OFTEN DUE TO STRESS WHEN INTERACTING
WITH OTHERS.
• THREATENS SELF-HARM OR BEHAVES IN WAYS THAT COULD LEAD TO
SUICIDE.
• IS OFTEN VERY ANGRY.
• SHOWS IMPULSIVE AND RISKY BEHAVIOR, SUCH AS HAVING UNSAFE
SEX, GAMBLING OR BINGE EATING.
• HAS STRESS-RELATED PARANOIA THAT COMES AND GOES.

CAUSES
COMBINATION OF GENETICS , ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS.
- STRONG CORRELATION WITH CHILD ABUSE
-UNSTABLE FAMILY ENVIRONMENT

TREATMENT-
PSYCHOTHERAPHYMENTALIZING BASED THERAPHY - HELP MANAGE EMOTIONAL DYSREGULATION, HELP PATIENTS
MAKE FEWER ASSUMPPTIONSDIALECTICAL BEHAVIORAL THERAPY. THIS TYPE OF THERAPY IS CLOSELY RELATED TO COGNITIVE
BEHAVIORAL THERAPY. IT OFTEN INVOLVES A COMBINATION OF INDIVIDUAL TALK THERAPY AND
GROUP SESSIONS TO LEARN SKILLS FOR HOW TO MANAGE YOUR SYMPTOMS.
.

HISTRIONIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
UNSTABLE EMOTIONS AND A DISTORTED SELF-IMAGE. FOR PEOPLE WITH HISTRIONIC
PERSONALITY DISORDER, THEIR SELF-ESTEEM DEPENDS ON THE APPROVAL OF OTHERS AND DOESN’T COME FROM A TRUE FEELING OF SELF-WORTH. THEY HAVE AN OVERWHELMING DESIRE TO BE NOTICED BY OTHERS, AND MAY DISPLAY DRAMATIC AND/OR INAPPROPRIATE BEHAVIORS TO GET ATTENTION.

• FEEL UNDERAPPRECIATED OR DEPRESSED WHEN THEY’RE NOT THE CENTER OF ATTENTION.
• HAVE RAPIDLY SHIFTING AND SHALLOW EMOTIONS.
• BE DRAMATIC AND EXTREMELY EMOTIONALLY EXPRESSIVE, EVEN TO THE POINT OF EMBARRASSING
FRIENDS AND FAMILY IN PUBLIC.
• HAVE A “LARGER THAN LIFE” PRESENCE.
• BE PERSISTENTLY CHARMING AND FLIRTATIOUS.
• BE OVERLY CONCERNED WITH THEIR PHYSICAL APPEARANCE.
• USE THEIR PHYSICAL APPEARANCE TO DRAW ATTENTION TO THEMSELVES BY WEARING BRIGHT-COLORED
CLOTHING OR REVEALING CLOTHING.
• ACT INAPPROPRIATELY SEXUAL WITH MOST OF THE PEOPLE THEY MEET, EVEN WHEN THEY’RE NOT SEXUALLY
ATTRACTED TO THEM.
• SPEAK DRAMATICALLY AND EXPRESS STRONG OPINIONS BUT WITH FEW FACTS OR DETAILS TO SUPPORT
THEIR OPINIONS.
• BE GULLIBLE AND EASILY INFLUENCED BY OTHERS, ESPECIALLY BY THE PEOPLE THEY ADMIRE.
• THINK THAT THEIR RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHERS ARE CLOSER THAN THEY USUALLY ARE.
• HAVE DIFFICULTY MAINTAINING RELATIONSHIPS, OFTEN SEEMING FAKE OR SHALLOW IN THEIR
INTERACTIONS WITH OTHERS.
• NEED INSTANT GRATIFICATION AND BECOME BORED OR FRUSTRATED VERY EASILY.
• CONSTANTLY SEEK REASSURANCE OR APPROVAL

ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
A MENTAL CONDITION IN WHICH A PERSON CONSISTENTLY SHOW NO REGARD FROM RIGHT OR WRONG ANG IGNORES THE FEELING OF OTHERS. SHOW A LACK OF RESPECT TOWARD OTHERS AND DON’T FOLLOWSOCIALLY ACCEPTED NORMS OR RULES. PEOPLE WITH ASPD MAY BREAK THE LAW OR CAUSE PHYSICAL OR EMOTIONAL HARM TO OTHERS AROUND THEM. THEY MAY REFUSE TO TAKE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIRBEHAVIORS AND/OR DISPLAY DISREGARD FOR THE NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF THEIR ACTIONS.

• HAS LITTLE, IF ANY, CONCERN FOR THE NEEDS OR FEELINGS OF OTHERS.
• OFTEN LIES, STEALS, USES FALSE NAMES AND CONS OTHERS.
• HAS REPEATED RUN-INS WITH THE LAW.
• OFTEN VIOLATES THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS.
• IS AGGRESSIVE AND OFTEN VIOLENT.
• HAS LITTLE, IF ANY, CONCERN FOR PERSONAL SAFETY OR THE SAFETY OF
OTHERS.
• BEHAVES IMPULSIVELY.
• IS OFTEN RECKLESS.
• HAS LITTLE, IF ANY, REGRET FOR HOW THEIR BEHAVIOR NEGATIVELY AFFECTS
OTHERS.
• MANIPULATE OR DECEIVE PEOPLE.

NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
HAVE AN EXAGGERATED SENSE OF THEIR IMPORTANCE. THEY
ALSO DESIRE EXTERNAL PRAISE AND ATTENTION.
PEOPLE WITH NPD MAY BE UNHAPPY AND DISAPPOINTED
WHEN THEY DON’T RECEIVE THE PRAISE OR SPECIAL FAVORS
THEY BELIEVE THEY DESERVE. OTHERS MAY SEE THEM AS
SNOBBISH AND CONCEITED AND MAY NOT ENJOY BEING
AROUND THEM.

• HAS BELIEFS ABOUT BEING SPECIAL AND MORE IMPORTANT THAN OTHERS.
• HAS FANTASIES ABOUT POWER, SUCCESS AND BEING ATTRACTIVE TO OTHERS.
• DOES NOT UNDERSTAND THE NEEDS AND FEELINGS OF OTHERS(LACK OF
EMPHATY )
• STRETCHES THE TRUTH ABOUT ACHIEVEMENTS OR TALENTS.
• EXPECTS CONSTANT PRAISE AND WANTS TO BE ADMIRED.
• FEELS SUPERIOR TO OTHERS AND BRAGS ABOUT IT.
• EXPECTS FAVORS AND ADVANTAGES WITHOUT A GOOD REASON.
• OFTEN TAKES ADVANTAGE OF OTHERS.
• IS JEALOUS OF OTHERS OR BELIEVES THAT OTHERS ARE JEALOUS OF THEM.

CLUSTER C
HAVE A CONSISTENTLY DYSFUNCTIONAL PATTERN OF ANXIOUS
THINKING OR BEHAVIOR.
ANXIOUS OR FEARFUL CLUSTER

AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER
CHARACTERIZED BY FEELINGS OF EXTREME SOCIAL INHIBITION,
INADEQUACY, AND SENSITIVITY TO NEGATIVE CRITICISM AND
REJECTION.
PEOPLE WITH AVPD WOULD LIKE TO INTERACT WITH OTHERS,
BUT THEY TEND TO AVOID SOCIAL INTERACTIONS DUE TO THEIR
INTENSE FEAR OF REJECTION.

 IS VERY SENSITIVE TO CRITICISM OR REJECTION.
• DOES NOT FEEL GOOD ENOUGH, IMPORTANT OR ATTRACTIVE.
• DOES NOT TAKE PART IN WORK ACTIVITIES THAT INCLUDE CONTACT WITH
OTHERS.
• IS ISOLATED.
• DOES NOT TRY NEW ACTIVITIES AND DOES NOT LIKE MEETING NEW PEOPLE.
• IS EXTREMELY SHY IN SOCIAL SETTINGS AND IN DEALING WITH OTHERS.
• FEARS DISAPPROVAL, EMBARRASSMENT OR BEING MADE FUN OF.
• BEING PASSIVE OR RESERVED IN CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS BECAUSE THEY FEAR
RIDICULE OR HUMILIATION.
• ASESSING THEMSELVES AS SOCIALLY UNSKILLED, UNAPPEALING OR INFERIOR TO
OTHERS.

DEPENDENT PERSONALITY DISORDER

MARKED BY A CONSTANT AND EXCESSIVE NEED TO BE CARED FOR BY

SOMEONE ELSE. IT ALSO INVOLVES SUBMISSIVENESS.

A NEED FOR CONSTANT REASSURANCE AND THE INABILITY TO MAKE

DECISIONS. PEOPLE WITH DEPENDENT PERSONALITY DISORDER OFTEN

BECOME VERY CLOSE TO ANOTHER PERSON AND SPEND GREAT EFFORT

TRYING TO PLEASE THAT PERSON.

THEY TEND TO DISPLAY PASSIVE AND CLINGING BEHAVIOR AND HAVE A

FEAR OF SEPARATION.

• RELIES ON OTHERS TOO MUCH AND FEELS THE NEED TO BE TAKEN CARE OF.
• IS SUBMISSIVE OR CLINGY TOWARD OTHERS.
• FEARS HAVING TO TAKE CARE OF SELF IF LEFT ALONE.
• LACKS CONFIDENCE IN ABILITIES.
• NEEDS A LOT OF ADVICE AND COMFORTING FROM OTHERS TO MAKE EVEN SMALL
DECISIONS.
• FINDS IT HARD TO START OR DO PROJECTS DUE TO LACK OF SELF-CONFIDENCE.
• FINDS IT HARD TO DISAGREE WITH OTHERS, FEARING THEY WILL NOT APPROVE.
• ENDURES POOR TREATMENT OR ABUSE, EVEN WHEN OTHER OPTIONS ARE
AVAILABLE.
• HAS AN URGENT NEED TO START A NEW RELATIONSHIP WHEN A CLOSE ONE ENDS

.

OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY DISORDER
IT IS A PATTERN OF PREOCCUPATION WITH ORDERLINESS,
PERFECTION AND CONTROL. A PERSON WITH OBSESSIVE-
COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY DISORDER MAY BE OVERLY
FOCUSED ON DETAILS OR SCHEDULES, MAY WORK
EXCESSIVELY, NOT ALLOWING TIME FOR LEISURE OR FRIENDS,
OR MAY BE INFLEXIBLE IN THEIR MORALITY AND VALUES.

• FOCUSES TOO MUCH ON DETAILS, ORDERLINESS AND RULES.
• THINKS EVERYTHING NEEDS TO BE PERFECT AND GETS UPSET WHEN PERFECTION
IS NOT ACHIEVED.
• CANNOT FINISH A PROJECT BECAUSE REACHING PERFECTION IS NOT POSSIBLE.
• NEEDS TO BE IN CONTROL OF PEOPLE, TASKS AND SITUATIONS.
• CANNOT ASSIGN TASKS TO OTHERS.
• IGNORES FRIENDS AND ENJOYABLE ACTIVITIES BECAUSE OF TOO MUCH FOCUS
ON WORK OR A PROJECT.
• CANNOT THROW AWAY BROKEN OR WORTHLESS OBJECTS.
• IS RIGID AND STUBBORN.
• IS NOT FLEXIBLE ABOUT MORALITY, ETHICS OR VALUES.
• HOLDS VERY TIGHT CONTROL OVER BUDGETING AND SPENDING MONEY.