Federalism

Federalism - the relationship between federal and state gov OR 2 gov exercising power and authority over the same people in the same place

Pros - can be more adaptable, balanced while keeping it unified, good mid ground

Cons - implementation may be hard, might be hard to make work well

NOT separation of powers or checks and balances

Origins - state patriotism was very high, separate states worked together, maintained sense of identity

Justification for federalism - fed gov or states can defend their people when one oversteps the other (federalist papers)

Supremacy clause - constitution and federal law are the highest law on the ladder, everyone MUST follow the law at the top

10th amendment - states have authority and a role, if it is not a federal government’s power, the state has the power to settle that / keep the peace

Expressed / Enumerated powers - specific roles and jobs that are defined

Implied / Inherit powers - powers NEEDED that allow the government to preform their expressed / enumerated powers

Concurrent powers - state and congress both have the to enforce that power

Privileges and Immunities - all citizens are treated equally even when they enter a new state

Extradition - no state can stop states from pursuing a criminal once they’ve fled their state

Dual Federalism / “layer cake federalism” - earliest, division between fed and state gov, clear lines of power little cooperation

Cooperative federalism / “marble cake federalism” - nat gov is trying to do more for the country, trying to increase cooperation, lines of power / action are more blurred

Creative Federalism / “Picket Fence Federalism” - lots of different gov officials working together, overloaded cooperation and crosscutting regulation

New Federalism / “on your own federalism” - fed gov takes a step back from leading action, states are more in charge

Fiscal Federalism - how fed gov gives money to states to promote national ends

    Categorical Grant - money for a very specific purpose + the     state must give a portion for said purpose seen as not as     efficient, states don’t like as much

    Block Grant - combined several categorical grants with a     broad grant so the state gov has more decision on how they     want to spend it ex: education grant

    Revenue Sharing - money given to the states to be used in     any way, used a formula that gave each state a specific     amount

Devolution - transferring rights / power