Comprehensive Guide to Silk, Knit, and Cotton Fabric Types
Silk-Type Fabrics (Hedvábnické tkaniny)
Atlasový brokát: A high-quality silk-type fabric featuring a sateen (atlas) base with brocade patterning.
Vypalované vzory: Refers to "burn-out" or devoré patterns, where a chemical process is used to dissolve one fiber component to create transparent areas in a design.
Perlinka (Leno): A weave in which the warp yarns are twisted around the weft yarns to provide a strong yet sheer fabric.
Kepr (Twill): A type of textile weave with a pattern of diagonal parallel ribs, also referred to as Twill.
Šifon (Chiffon): A lightweight, plain-woven, sheer fabric with a soft, beautiful drape.
SITO: A specialized mesh or sieve-like silk fabric.
Organzén: A high-quality silk yarn used for the warp in weaving, specifically known for being twisted for durability.
Satén (Sateen): A fabric characteristically having a glossy surface and a dull back.
Forlite: A specific variant or brand of silk-type fabric.
Brokát (Brocade): A class of richly decorative shuttle-woven fabrics, often made in colored silks and sometimes with gold and silver threads.
Hedvábnický damašek (Silk-type Damas): A reversible figured fabric of silk, with a pattern formed by weaving.
Krepsatén (Satin crepe): A fabric with a satin face and a crepe finish on the back.
Voerlite: A specific variant or brand related to silk-type textiles.
Dupion (Douppioni): A plain-woven silk fabric produced by using fine thread in the warp and uneven thread from two or more entangled cocoons in the weft.
Merlite: A technical variant or trade name for a specific fabric type.
Krep (Crepe): A silk, wool, or synthetic fiber fabric with a distinctively crisp, crimped appearance.
Taft (Taffeta): A crisp, smooth, plain-woven fabric made from silk or cuprammonium rayons.
Organza: A thin, plain-weave, sheer fabric traditionally made from silk.
Buret (Burret silk fabric): A fabric made from the waste of silk production (noil), characterized by a textured, matte surface.
Ponžé (Pongee): A soft, thin cloth, originally made from Chinese wild silk.
Žoržet (Georgette): A sheer, lightweight, dull-finished crêpe fabric named after the French dressmaker Georgette de la Plante.
Krepžoržet (Georgette crepe): A variation of georgette with a more pronounced crepe texture.
Hedvábný šantung (Silk Shantung): A type of silk fabric with a characteristic irregular surface, similar to Dupion but usually thinner.
Serž (Serge): A type of twill fabric that has diagonal lines or ridges on both sides.
Decorative, Surface-Modified, and Jacquard Fabrics
Kreš (Crash fabric): A fabric with a rough, uneven surface, often used for decorative purposes.
Moaré (Moiré): A textile with a wavy (watered) appearance, produced by a mechanical calendering process.
Lamé: A fabric woven or knit with thin ribbons of metallic fiber.
Kloke (Cloqué): A fabric with a raised, blistered, or quilted pattern (also appearing as Kloké).
Gaufrovaná tkanina (Embossed fabric): A fabric that has been passed through engraved heated rollers to create a raised or recessed pattern.
Brožé (Broche fabric): A fabric with additional decorative threads woven into the surface, resembling embroidery.
Potištěný žakár (Printed Jacquard): A fabric where the intricate Jacquard weave is further enhanced by a printed design.
Popelín (Poplin): A medium-weight, plain-weave fabric with fine crosswise ribs, often used for shirts and dresses.
Žakárový satén (Jacquard sateen): A fabric combining the complex patterns of the Jacquard loom with the glossy finish of sateen.
Žakárová tkanina (Jacquard fabric): A fabric characterized by complex patterns woven directly into the cloth using a Jacquard loom.
Weft-Knitted Fabrics (Zatažná pletenina)
Krul pletený: A specific type of knitted structure, potentially referring to a curl or textured knit.
Kloké pletené (Knitted Cloqué): A knitted version of the cloqué effect, featuring a three-dimensional or blistered surface.
Káro pletené: A knitted fabric featuring a check or plaid pattern.
Obourubní vlny (Purl based weaves pattern): A pattern based on the purl stitch, creating wavy or textured effects.
Obourubní hladká (1x1 plain Purl fabric): A 1x1 purl knit structure, which looks identical on both sides (often called links-links).
Moss-stitch Purl fabric (ni mech): A purl-based knit that mimics the grainy texture of moss.
Interloková hladká (1x1 plain Interlock fabric): A double-knit fabric that is thicker than single jersey and has a smooth surface on both sides.
Ažurový vzor (Drop stitch pattern): An openwork or lace-like pattern created by deliberately dropping or transferring stitches.
Reliéfní vzor (Jacquard purl fabric): A purl-based knit featuring a raised, relief-style pattern created via Jacquard techniques.
Gingham pletený: A knitted interpretation of the classic gingham check pattern.
Žinylková pletenina (Chenille knitted fabric): A knit made using chenille yarn, which has a fuzzy, caterpillar-like texture.
Denim pletený (Knitted Denim): A knitted fabric designed to mimic the appearance of woven denim.
Dubl pletený (Knitted Double fabric): A double-knit structure consisting of two layers of fabric knitted together.
Reverzibilní vzor (Reversible pattern): A knit pattern that is aesthetic or usable on both the front and back sides.
Glenček pletený: A knitted version of the Glen check (Prince of Wales check) pattern.
Proužek pletený: A knitted fabric featuring stripes.
Kohoutí stopa pletená: A knitted version of the houndstooth (pied-de-poule) pattern.
Lamé pletené (Knitted Lamé): A knitted fabric incorporating metallic threads for a shiny effect.
Cotton-Type Fabrics (Bavlněná tkanina)
Mušelín dvojitý (Muslin double gaze): A soft, lightweight fabric made of two layers of muslin joined together by invisible stitches.
Madeira (Eyelet): A cotton fabric decorated with small holes and embroidery (broderie anglaise).
Gabardén bavlnářský (Gabardine): A tough, tightly woven cotton fabric with a prominent diagonal rib (twill).
Chambray: A plain-weave cotton fabric woven with a colored warp and a white weft.
Madras: A lightweight cotton fabric with typically patterned texture and plaid design, used primarily for summer clothing.
Denim: A sturdy cotton warp-faced textile in which the weft passes under two or more warp threads.
Piké (Piqué): A weaving style, normally used with cotton yarn, which is characterized by raised parallel cords or fine ribbing.
Manšestr (Corduroy): A durable cotton fabric with a velvety ribbed surface (wales).
Berlin: A specific type of sturdy cotton fabric variant.
Voál bavlnářský (Voile - cotton type): A soft, sheer fabric, usually made of 100% cotton.
Borlite: A trade name or specific variant of cotton-type fabric.
Dubl (Double fabric - cotton type): A layered cotton construction.
Gingham: A medium-weight balanced plain-woven fabric made from dyed cotton or cotton-blend yarn.
Chino: A durable cotton twill fabric, typically used for trousers.
Dyftýn (Duvetyn): A soft, velvety cotton fabric with a napped surface on one side.
Krep bavlnářský (Seersucker): A thin, puckered, all-cotton fabric, commonly striped or chequered, used for summer wear.
Samet (Velvet): A type of woven tufted fabric in which the cut threads are very evenly distributed, with a short dense pile.
Pracovní kepr (Drill): A strong, durable cotton fabric with a twill weave, frequently used for workwear and uniforms.
Oxford (Oxford cloth): A type of fabric used in dress shirts, characterized by a basketweave structure.
Flanel (Flannel): A soft woven fabric of various weights, brushed to create extra softness.
Louhový krep (Caustic soda crepe): A cotton crepe effect created by treating the fabric with caustic soda, which causes localized shrinkage and puckering.
Popelín (potištěný) (Poplin - printed): Printed version of the standard poplin ribbed weave.
Berlite: A specific variant or technical term for a cotton-type textile.
Batist (Batiste): A fine, semi-sheer plain-weave cotton fabric, known for Being lightweight and soft.