FULL REHTORICAL TERMS

  1. ad hominem (To the man) - Logical fallacy of switching the argument from the issue at hand to the character of the other speaker.

  2. ad populum (The Bandwagon appeal) - This fallacy occurs when evidence boils down to “Everyones doing it so it must be a good thing to do”

  3. Alliteration - Repetition of consonant sounds usually in a single line.

  4. Allusion - A brief reference to a person, event or place, real or fictitious or to a work of art.

  5. Analogy - A comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things

  6. Anaphora - Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive lines or phrases

  7. Concession - An Acknowledgment that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable

  8. Counter Argument - An opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward

  9. Anecdote - A brief (specific(Not a Reference)) story used to illustrate a point or claim

  10. Closed Thesis - A statement of the main idea of the argument that also previews the major points the writer intends to make

  11. Connotation - Meanings or associations that readers have with a word beyond its dictionary definition

  12. Ethos - Greek for character; speakers appeal to ethos to demonstrate that they are credible and trustworthy to speak on a given topic.

  13. Pathos (Greek for suffering or experience) - Speakers appeal to pathos use to emotionally motivate their audience, specific appeals might play on the audience's values, desires, and hopes or their fears and prejudices

  14. Logos (Greek for embodied thought) - Speakers appeal to logos or reason by offering clear rational ideas and using specific details, examples, facts, statistics, or expert testimony to back them out.

  15. Hyperbole - Deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis or to produce comic or ironic affect, an overstatement to make a point

  16. Understatement - Figure of speech in which something is presented as less important, dire, urgent, good, and so on then it actually is. Often for satiric or comical effect

  17. Juxtaposition - The placement of two things closely together to emphasize similarities or differences

  18. Purpose - The goal the speaker wants to achieve.

  19. Polysyndeton - The deliberate use of multiple conjunctions between phrases or words.

  20. Refutation - A denial of the validity of an opposing argument

  21. Persona - The Face or character the speaker shows to their audience.

  22. Bias - A prejudice or preconceived notion that prevents a person from approaching a topic in a neutral or an objective way.

  23. Syllogism - A logical structure that uses the major premise and minor premise to reach a necessary conclusion.

  24. Asyndeton - Omission of conjunctions between phrases or words.

  25. Archaic Diction - Old fashioned or outdated choice of words

  26. Deduction -  A logical process wherein you reach a conclusion by starting with a general principle or universal truth and applying it to a specific case.

  27. Equivocation - A fallacy that uses a term with two or more meanings in an attempt to misrepresent or deceive.

  28. Polemic (Hostile) - An aggressive argument that tries to establish the superiority of one opinion over all others, generally don't conceive that opposing opinions have any merit.

  29. Qualitative Evidence - Evidence supported by reason, tradition, or precedent.

  30. Quantitative Evidence - Includes things that can be measured, cited, counted or otherwise represented in numbers.

  31. Enthymeme - Essentially a syllogism with one of the premises implied and taken for granted as understood.

  32. Trope (Turning) - Artful diction, A figure of speech such as metaphor, simile, hyperbole, 

  33. Syntax - The arrangement of words into phrases, clauses, and sentences. This includes word order, the length and structure of sentences, and such schemes as parallelism and juxtaposition.

  34. Synecdoche - A figure of speech that uses a part to represent a whole.

  35. Propaganda - the spread of ideas and information to further a cause; in a negative sense, propaganda is the use of rumors, lies, disinformation, and scare tactics to damage or promote a cause

  36. Satire - use of irony or sarcasm to critique a society or individual

  37. Rhetorical Question - A figure of speech in the form of a question posed for rhetorical effect rather than the purpose of getting an answer.

  38. Post hoc ergo propter hoc (after which therefore because of which” - It is incorrect to always claim that something is the cause just because it happened earlier. Correlation doesn't prove causation

  39. Paradox - Statement or situation that is seemingly contradictory on the surface but delivers an ironic truth.

  40. Rhetoric - The art of finding ways of persuading an audience.

  41. Antithesis - Opposition or contrast of ideas or words in a parallel construction.

  42. Chiasmus - A figure of speech where one phrase is inverted in the next phrase.

  43. Colloquial Diction - Slang or language that is used during a particular time period.

  44. Jargon - Language or vocabulary that is related to a specific field of study.

  45. Vernacular - Language associated with a particular region

  46. Denotation - The literal definition of the word.

  47. Epizeuxis - The repeating of a word or a phrase in quick succession

  48. Euphemism - Kind or gentle way of expressing something that may be offensive

  49. Litotes - A form of verbal irony in which understatement is used to emphasize a point by stating a negative to affirm a positive. (Often uses double negatives for affect)

  50. Oxymoron - A type of paradox made of two seemingly contradictory words.

  51. Syllepsis - A figure of speech in which a word is applied to two others in different senses or meanings. (He caught the train and a bad cold)