INTERNATIONAL LAW PHRASES QUIZ
1. “Pacta sunt servanda” means:
a) Agreements must be kept
b) Peace through strength
c) Justice for all
d) International cooperation
2. “Jus cogens” refers to:
a) Customary international law -> maybe correct - customary law like some kind of practices -> it must be a rule to follow -> same effect like treaties provision -> legal believes/rules have been developed over years
b) Peremptory norms -> strictly perform
c) Bilateral treaties
d) Diplomatic immunity
3. “Opinio juris” is:
a) A court opinion
b) A legal expert's testimony
c) The belief that an action is legally obligatory -> we must comply with this rule and make this rule a customary law
d) An international treaty
4. “Erga omnes” obligations are:
a) Obligations owed to specific states
b) Obligations owed to the international community as a whole -> universal principles
c) Obligations only applicable in wartime
d) Obligations related to environmental protection
“erga ommes” & “jus cogens” are interelation
5. “Aut dedere aut judicare” means:
a) To extradite or prosecute -> apply in the International Criminal (extradite: dẫn độ -> e.g: Thai authority request VN authority capture the crime violator back to Thai. The action of bringing this guy is “extradite” - to make someone return for trial to another country or state where they have been accused of doing something illegal
“try” -> “trial”: xét xử
b) To negotiate or litigate
c) To mediate or arbitrate
d) To compensate or restitute
6. “Rebus sic stantibus” refers to:
a) The principle of non-intervention
b) The right to self-defense
c) A fundamental change of circumstances -> thực hiện hợp đồng khi hoàn cảnh thay đổi cơ bản ->
d) The law of the sea
7. “Ratione personae” jurisdiction is based on:
a) The type of crime committed
b) The location of the crime
c) The nationality of the accused -> principle to identify which country or which court would define when there is a conflict
e.g: Vietnamese in France kill people in the territory in France. Criminal Law just apply within the VNmese territory.
VNemes has jurisdiction over any criminals -> Any VNese has committed the crime in or outside the territory of VN -> apply Criminal Code
d) The severity of the offense
8. “Ex aequo et bono” means:
a) According to the law
b) In good faith
c) According to the right and good
d) Without prejudice
“bono” = good, “aequo” = equal
“pro bono” = good
9. “Jus ad bellum” refers to:
a) Laws governing conduct during war
b) Laws governing the right to go to war -> make your war legally, declare the war to the other
c) Laws of peace treaties
d) Laws of neutrality
“bellum” = fighting, war
“belle” = nice
10. “Persona non grata” means:
a) A diplomatic representative
b) An unwelcome person
c) A head of state
d) A neutral party
“persona” = person, “non” = no, “grata” = welcome, greeting
11. “Nullum crimen sine lege” translates to:
a) No crime without punishment
b) No punishment without law
c) No crime without law -> not accuse any others without exact law
d) No law without enforcement
“nullum” = voids & null, “crimen” = crime, “sine” = without
-> e.g: the married man falling in love with another woman does not violate the law, it violates the morals. They just violate the law while they live together like husband and wwife
12. What does the phrase "ex aequo et bono" mean?
a) According to the letter of the law
b) Based on equity and conscience
c) With equal representation from both parties
d) Through binding arbitration
13. “Jus sanguinis” is the principle of citizenship based on:
a) Place of birth
b) Parental citizenship
c) Residency
d) Naturalization
“sanguinis” -
nationality law - mom and dad have nationality in VN -> son too
14. “Res judicata” means:
a) A matter under judicial consideration
b) A matter already judged -> avoid duplication (tránh kiện tụng 2 lần)
c) A new legal precedent
d) A case without jurisdiction
“res” = “law”
cessation: when a court finds a new evidence or a court has violate the procedural court
15. “Uti possidetis juris” is the principle that:
a) New states inherit colonial administrative boundaries
b) All states are equal under international law
c) Territory can be acquired through conquest
d) States have the right to self-determination
“possidetis” = posess
hãy tiếp tục sở hữu những gì bạn đã sở hữu = keep possessing that already possessed
during period of time decolonization
“big fish eat small fish” originated from England
16. Extradition
a) Granting asylum
b) Surrendering a person to another jurisdiction
c) Declaring war
d) Diplomatic negotiation
17. “Amicus curiae” means:
a) Enemy of the court
b) Friend of the court
c) Court order
d) Legal precedent
“Ami”= friend
1) no one teaches the court what the law is
2) judge makes law
18. “Mens rea” in international criminal law refers to:
a) The criminal act
b) The guilty mind
c) The crime scene
d) The court's jurisdiction
“mens” = “mental”
19. Diplomatic immunity:
a) Diplomats are immune from all laws.
b) Diplomats can be tried in their home country.
c) Diplomats are exempt from local jurisdiction.
d) Diplomats can be detained for minor offenses.
20. “Jus in bello” refers to:
a) The right to go to war
b) Laws governing conduct during war -> the act u can do during the war
c) Post-war reconstruction laws
d) International peace treaties