Billing Office Visits with Wellness and Preventative Visits

Introduction

  • Speaker: Betsy Nicoletti

    • Excited to discuss billing for office visits with a preventive medicine service.

    • No financial disclosures.

  • Learning Objectives:

    • Focus on recent changes and enduring issues surrounding billing for preventive services.

    • Discussion includes common practices that have remained constant over the years.

Case Scenarios in Preventive Medicine Billing

  • Common Scenario: Patient visits for preventive service but discusses acute/chronic issues.

    • Options for billing:

    • Bill for both preventive service and problem-oriented visit.

    • Perform both, bill only for the preventive service.

    • Schedule another appointment, risking patient will delay.

    • Recommended Approach: Perform both services and bill for both.

      • Document clearly to overcome objections in billing.

Example 1: Medicare Wellness Visit

  • Patient is a Medicare recipient attending an annual wellness visit.

    • May present with multiple chronic conditions (e.g., up to eight).

    • Comprehensive care includes checking blood pressure logs, managing anxiety, and providing preventive counseling.

    • Billing: Charge for both office visit and annual wellness visit.

Example 2: Frequent Visits with Stable Conditions

  • Patient with chronic renal disease and gout visiting frequently.

    • If seen for wellness visit after recent visit for a problem-oriented service, focus on risk factor reduction.

    • Billing: Charge only for the wellness visit due to the nature of the appointment.

Example 3: Child Wellness Visit

  • Parent brings child for well visit, and clinician notices increased use of a rescue inhaler.

    • Initial focus is on the well child visit, discussed preventive measures such as vaccines.

    • Billing: Charge for both the well child visit and problem-oriented visit due to the observed issue.

Definitions of Preventive Medicine Services

  • Preventive Medicine CPT Code Requirements:

    • An age and gender-appropriate history and physical exam.

    • Anticipatory guidance and risk factor reduction based on the patient’s demographics.

  • Medicare wellness visits involve extensive prescriptive measures requiring more data collection prior to the visit.

    • Emphasizes personalized prevention plans tailored to the patient's needs.

  • Personalization should account for any unique issues the patient has conveyed (e.g., falls).

American Medical Association Guidelines

  • Cited guidelines indicate when both services can be billed together:

    • Found conditions requiring additional history not presented by the patient.

    • E.g., lump found on breast exam or otitis in a child diagnosed during a preventative visit.

  • Emphasizes that comprehensive examination findings can provide justification for additional visits.

Instances for Billing Both Services per AMA

  • Patients with stable chronic conditions still require documentation of interaction.

  • Additional history must be present in HPI for billing to be compliant.

  • Emphasis on good documentation practices to substantiate services performed.

Coding Guidelines and Recommendations

  • Recommendations reflect common practices based on cumulative experience of billing professionals:

    • Without change or worsening conditions, billing guidelines do not restrict billing for stable chronic conditions.

  • Poll Question: Frequency of adding problem-oriented visits during preventive visits; recommendations emphasize good record-keeping.

Level of Service Determination

  • Level 3 Visits: Noting acute uncomplicated issues or one chronic stable condition

    • Approximately 30% of visits are classified as Level 3.

  • Level 4 Visits: Require addressing multiple chronic conditions or undiagnosed new problems with uncertain prognosis.

    • Commonly occur under similar circumstances as preventive services.

  • Important to document the reason behind the service level, especially in complex cases.

  • Examples of inappropriate billing practices include charging Level 2 for substantial problems without support, affecting overall audits.

Insurance Review and Cop relationships

  • Insight into patients' expectations for billing and possible objections.

  • Need for clear communication around what constitutes a copay and how it's applied to preventive visits versus problem-oriented visits.

  • Recommendations: Implement scheduling strategies to limit confusion regarding copays.

Documentation and Coding Practices

  • Importance of maintaining clear and separate documentation for multiple services to ensure audit compliance.

  • Coders may pressure physicians for simplified notes; however, each service must stand as independently justified.

  • Assurance needed from coding staff to reinforce that additional documentation for the problem-oriented service is permissible without tight restrictions.

Uncovering External and Internal Pushbacks

  • External coding objections primarily stem from insurance billing rules—need for compliance with specific insurance company guidelines.

  • Strategies for addressing coder feedback:

    • Educate coders on AMA and CPT guidelines to ensure compliance clarity.

    • Utilize supportive peer-reviewed articles as reference for pushback:

    • Emphasize the independence of visits as documented.

  • Possible barriers noted include requirements for two separate notes versus a single comprehensive note to cover all components.

Conclusion

  • Final Recommendations:

    • Encourage utilization of a unified template for services to streamline coding and enhance compliance checks.

    • Regular review of billing practices against CPT guidelines for accuracy.

    • Foster continuous education within practice settings to ensure all staff are informed of current coding standards and guidelines, particularly where they intersect with preventive care services.