USPSTF A and B Recommendations

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

• Screening for men aged 65-75 who have ever smoked: one-time ultrasonography.

Anxiety Disorders

• Screening for adults 64 years or younger, including pregnant and postpartum persons.

• Screening for children and adolescents aged 8-18 years.

Aspirin Use to Prevent Preeclampsia

• Pregnant persons at high risk: low-dose aspirin (81 mg/day) after 12 weeks of gestation.

  • High risk includes individuals with a history of preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, or specific medical conditions like diabetes and renal disease.

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria

• Screening for pregnant persons using urine culture.

BRCA-Related Cancer

• Assess women with personal/family history of breast, ovarian, tubal, or peritoneal cancer, or relevant ancestry.

• Positive result: genetic counseling and testing if indicated.

Breast Cancer

• Increased risk (age 35+): offer risk-reducing medications (e.g., tamoxifen).

  • Increased risk of breast cancer includes individuals with a family history of breast cancer, BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, or other genetic predispositions.

• Women aged 40-74 years: biennial screening mammography.

Breastfeeding

• Provide interventions/referrals to support breastfeeding during/after pregnancy.

Cervical Cancer

• Aged 21-29 years: screen every 3 years with cervical cytology.

• Aged 30-65 years: screen every 3 years with cytology, every 5 years with hrHPV testing, or every 5 years with hrHPV testing + cytology.

• Once they’ve reached 65 and have tested negative on 2 straight cotests or 3 straight Pap tests, women may discontinue cervical cancer screening.

Chlamydia and Gonorrhea

• Sexually active women (≤24 years) and older women at increased risk: screen for chlamydia and gonorrhea.

  • Women at increased risk for these infections include those with multiple sexual partners, a history of prior sexually transmitted infections (STIs), or those who do not consistently use barriers during sexual activity.

Colorectal Cancer

• Adults aged 45-75 years: screening recommended.

Depression and Suicide Risk

• Screening for adults, pregnant/postpartum persons, and older adults (65+).

• Adolescents (12-18 years): screen for major depressive disorder (MDD).

Falls Prevention

• Community-dwelling adults 65+ at increased risk: exercise interventions.

  • Patients at increased risk for falls include those with a history of previous falls, muscle weakness, mobility issues, and certain medical conditions such as arthritis or a history of stroke.

Folic Acid Supplementation

• Persons planning or who could become pregnant: daily supplement with 0.4-0.8 mg (400-800 mcg) folic acid.

Gestational Diabetes

• Asymptomatic pregnant persons at 24+ weeks gestation: screening.

Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

• Adults with CVD risk factors: behavioral counseling for healthy diet/physical activity.

  • CVD risk factors include hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, and a family history of cardiovascular disease.

• Pregnant persons: behavioral counseling for healthy weight gain.

Hepatitis B Virus Infection

• Adolescents and adults at increased risk: screening recommended.

  • Patients at increased risk include those with current or past injection drug use, individuals with multiple sexual partners, and those with a history of sexually transmitted infections.

• Pregnant women: screen at first prenatal visit.

Hepatitis C Virus Infection

• Adults aged 18-79 years: screening recommended.

High Body Mass Index

• Children/adolescents (6+ years) with BMI ≥95th percentile: comprehensive behavioral interventions.

HIV Infection

• Adolescents/adults (15-65 years): screening recommended; consider younger/older at increased risk.

• Pregnant persons: screen all, including those in labor with unknown status.

Hypertension

• Adults 18+ without known hypertension: screening with office blood pressure measurement (OBPM).

Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

• Asymptomatic pregnant persons: screen with blood pressure measurements throughout pregnancy.

Intimate Partner Violence

• Screen women of reproductive age for IPV; provide/refer to support services.

Latent Tuberculosis Infection

• Screen asymptomatic adults at increased risk of LTBI.

Lung Cancer

• Adults aged 50-80 years with 20 pack-year smoking history (current or quit within 15 years): annual screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT).

Ocular Prophylaxis

• Newborns: prophylactic ocular topical medication to prevent gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum.

Osteoporosis

• Postmenopausal women <65 with risk factors or women 65+: screening recommended.

  • Risk factors include a family history of osteoporosis, low body weight, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and certain medical conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Perinatal Depression

• Pregnant and postpartum persons at increased risk: counseling interventions or referrals.

Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes

• Adults aged 35-70 years with overweight/obesity: screening; offer/refer patients with prediabetes to preventive interventions.

HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis

• Adolescents and adults at increased risk: preexposure prophylaxis using effective antiretroviral therapy.

Prevention of Dental Caries

• Children <5 years: fluoride varnish starting at primary tooth eruption.

• Children <5 years: oral fluoride supplementation starting at 6 months if water supply is deficient in fluoride.

Rh(D) Incompatibility

• Pregnant women: blood typing and antibody testing during first pregnancy-related care visit.

• Unsensitized Rh(D)-negative women: repeated antibody testing at 24-28 weeks gestation (unless father is known Rh(D)-negative).

Sexually Transmitted Infections

• Sexually active adolescents and adults at increased risk: behavioral counseling.

Skin Cancer Prevention

• Counsel young adults, adolescents, children, and parents with fair skin (6 months - 24 years) about minimizing UV exposure.

Statin Use for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

• Adults aged 40-75 years with ≥1 CVD risk factors and estimated 10-year CVD risk ≥10%: prescribe a statin.

Syphilis Infection

• Asymptomatic, nonpregnant adolescents/adults at increased risk: screening.

• Pregnant women: early screening.

Tobacco Smoking Cessation

• Adults (including pregnant persons): ask about tobacco use, advise to stop, and provide behavioral interventions and FDA-approved pharmacotherapy (nonpregnant adults).

Tobacco Use in Children and Adolescents

• School-aged children/adolescents: interventions to prevent initiation of tobacco use.

Unhealthy Alcohol Use

• Adults 18+ (including pregnant women): screening and brief behavioral counseling interventions.

Unhealthy Drug Use

• Adults 18+: screening by asking questions about unhealthy drug use.

Vision in Children

• Ages 3-5 years: vision screening at least once to detect amblyopia/risk factors.

Weight Loss

• Adults with BMI ≥30: intensive, multicomponent behavioral interventions.