Leaf

1. When, why and where did Pope Urban II call for the first crusade?
2. What was the Children’s Crusade? What happened?
3. What were some of the damaging effects of the Crusades?
4. What knowledge did Europeans gain from their exposure to the Islamic world?
5. In what ways were the crusades contrary to Christ’s beliefs?
6. What are notable differences between Gothic and Romanesque architecture?
7. What was the aim of Gothic architecture? Where did the know-how come from?
8. Why was medieval Europe’s social structure so tied with the use of horses?
9. What is feudalism?
10. What was the position of a serf like?
11. What is a manor? Why were most manors economically self-sufficiency?
12. What was chivalry? What were its aims?
13. What invention was most important in weakening European feudalism? Why?
14. What was the Magna Carta? Why is it considered to be important?
15. Where and when did the first European universities? What did they teach?
16. How might climate change have facilitated the rise of the Mongols?
17. Who was Genghis Khan?
18. What regions fell under Mongol control?
19. What was the Khanate of the Golden Horde? Where and how did it rule?
20. What was the Yuan Dynasty like?
21. Why did many Chinese eventually come to believe that the Yuan Dynasty had lost the Mandate of Heaven?
22. What was the White Lotus movement? What was the Red Turban rebellion?
23. What does the term pax mongolica mean?
24. What was the Black Death? How did it spread? How many did it kill?
25. Why in many places did the plague actually improve the conditions for the surviving workers?
26. What religious interpretation arose in Europe in response to the plague?
27. How were European Jews treated during the Crusades and the plague?
28. Who was Mansa Musa? Why did he become so rich? Why did he pass through Cairo?
29. What was the Malian Empire? What was its capital and what was this city known for?
30. What was the Confederation of Gbara and why is it important?
31. What is the Bantu Migration?
32. What technologies did the Bantu people bring to Southern Africa? Why was this movement of people and know-how gradual and not sudden?
33. What and where was the Great Zimbabwe? What are places it traded with?
34. Why did Zanzibar become a major trading port in East Africa?
35. What is a dhow?
36. Why did Arab and South Asian traders come to Zanzibar?
37. Where did Muslim trade routes go during the European Middle Ages? What technology did these traders make use of on the sea? What animals were employed on land?
38. What does the term African diaspora mean and how was Zanzibar a part of this?
39. Who were the Mamluks? Where did they rule? What modern nation started to form under their rule?
40. How did the guild system work? How was is different from modern capitalism?
41. Why did poor European families wish their sons to be apprenticed?
42. Who was Joan of Arc and why is she important?
43. What was the Hundred Years’ War?
44. Who were Dante and Petrarch and why are they important?
45. What was the quadrivium?
46. What was the Reconquista? How were Muslims and Jews treated after Spain unified as a Christian kingdom under Ferdinand and Isabella?
47. What is foot-binding? What women underwent the practice?
48. What are some distinctive aspects of Ming porcelain?