Chemistry Formulas + Notes

(This will be updated)

Benzene

• C₆H₆

• _{benzene ring structure}

Vinegar

• CH₃COOH

• (contains a carboxyl functional group (-COOH)

Substituted hydrocarbons

• when hydrogen atoms are changed out for other atoms in a hydrocarbon, the hydrocarbon has new qualities and is now called a substituted hydrocarbon

• those new qualities are based on the functional groups (what was swapped with hydrocarbon

Functional Groups and the suffix/prefix

• Hydroxyl Group

  • contains oxygen, hydrogen

  • organic compounds containing this group are called alcohols

  • suffix -ol

• Halide group

  • contains Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine or Iodine (should be circled halogens on ur periodic table)

  • compounds are called halogenated hydrocarbons

  • are named after the halogen in it

• Carboxyl Group

  • contains a carbon atom with single bond to a hydroxyl group and double bond to an oxygen atom

  • carboxyl acid

  • suffix - oic

• Amino Group

  • nitrogen atom bounded to two hydrogen atoms

  • both -yl and -amine suffixes added (-ylamine)

Other suffixes/prefixes

• prefix chloro-

  • when hydrogen atom replaced with chlorine