Section 12_05

Ling200 Section AA/AD Final Exam Review

Exam Details

  • Exam Date: December 11 (Wednesday)

  • Open Time: 12:01 am

  • Close Time: 11:59 pm

  • Duration: 110 minutes once started

  • Structure: Approx. 62 questions (includes 3 bonus questions)

  • Exam Type: Cumulative and closed-note

Questions and Concepts Covered in Review

Polling Questions

  • Concept of Senses and Referents:

    • How many senses and referents does "team W captain" have?

      • Options include:

        • 0 senses and 0 referents

        • 1 sense and 0 referents

        • 1 sense and multiple referents

        • Multiple senses and 1 referent

Hypernym and Hyponym Concepts

  • Fill in the Blanks Exercise:

    • Structure: beverage is a ___ of coffee; coffee is a ___ of beverage; tea is a ___ of coffee

    • Options: hypernym, hyponym, synonym or sister term

Antonyms and Relationships in Language

  • Complimentary Antonyms:

    • "Occupied" and "vacant"

  • Converse Antonyms:

    • "Lend" and "borrow"

Entailment Relationships:

  • Example Sentences: A) The family vacationed in Sydney B) The family vacationed in Australia

    • Types of entailments include:

      • A entails B

      • B entails A

      • They are paraphrases

      • No entailment

Theories of Language Acquisition

  • Children positing the word "drang" as past tense form of "dringing" discusses:

    • Evidence against the following theories:

      • Innateness hypothesis

      • Imitation theory

      • Active construction of grammar theory

      • Social interaction theory

Stages of Language Acquisition

  • An example where a child says "daddy eat cookie" illustrates:

    • Instances of holophrases, telegraphic speech, and the two-word stage.

  • Question on Order of Acquisition:

    • Correct progression:

      • Babbling > Holophrases > Two-word stage > Telegraphic speech > Over-generalizations

Minimal Pair Identification in American Sign Language (ASL)

  • Determines the contrastive nature along parameters including handshape, movement, location, and palm orientation.

Aphasia Types

  • Identifies behaviors of a person with Broca's aphasia:

    • Likely to exhibit many lexical errors and lack of function words and morphemes, despite having good comprehension.

Phonetics and Phonology

  • Complementary Distribution:

    • True/False: Two sounds are in complementary distribution if they occur in the same environment.

  • Sound Differentiation:

    • Example identifying differences between [b] and [m].

Features of Language

  • Distinguishing by features as per Hockett's design features:

    • Examples include interchangeability, semanticity, and cultural transmission.

Morphological Processes in ASL

  • Compounding and blending demonstrated with signs, such as COFFIN being a combination of DEAD and BOX.

Social Linguistics

  • Factors such as gender, ethnicity, and age correlate with language use.

  • Descriptive rules of English grammar clarify standard forms vs. non-standard forms like those found in Received Pronunciation.

Allomorph Distribution

  • Data set exercise involving determining the correct use of articles "a" and "an" depending on the following sound and phonetic environments.

Conclusion of Concepts

  • Understanding interpersonal constructs in linguistic applications, including arguments vs. adjuncts, verb types, and the principle of compositionality regarding meaning in sentences.

robot