Chapter 17.1 and 17.2
Which side had the basic strategy to conduct a defensive war?
The Confederacy had the basic strategy to conduct a defensive war. They aimed to protect their territory and wear down the Union's will to fight, rather than invading the North.
When the Civil War began, did many teenagers stay home and not serve in the military?
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No, many teenagers did serve in the military on both sides. While some stayed home, many others, sometimes younger than 18, enlisted as soldiers, drummers, or in other support roles. Some even misrepresented their age to join.
Did the 4 border states (MD, KY, DE, MO) remain in the Union even though they allowed slavery?
Yes, the four border states of Maryland, Kentucky, Delaware, and Missouri remained in the Union, despite allowing slavery. This was crucial for the Union, as these states provided valuable resources and strategic locations. (Note: Mississippi was a Confederate state, not a border state).
What were Confederates sometimes called?
Confederates were sometimes called Rebels, Secessionists, or Graybacks (referring to the color of their uniforms).
Because the war disrupted their supply of cotton, the South expected support from which two countries?
The South expected support from Great Britain and France. They hoped that these European powers, heavily reliant on Southern cotton, would recognize the Confederacy and provide military aid.
What city was the capital of the Confederacy?
Richmond, Virginia was the capital of the Confederacy.
The North’s war plan came from what hero of the war with Mexico?
The North's war plan, known as the Anaconda Plan, was devised by General Winfield Scott, a hero of the Mexican-American War.
What was the name of the Union’s strategy to gain control of the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two?
The Union's strategy was called the Anaconda Plan.
What was the main goal of the North at the beginning of the war?
The main goal of the North at the beginning of the war was to preserve the Union. Initially, the war was not primarily about ending slavery, although that became a war aim later.
What were the strengths of the South?
The South's strengths included:
Fighting a defensive war on their own territory.
Knowledge of the terrain.
Strong military leadership, such as Robert E. Lee.
A strong military tradition and culture.
Initial foreign support hopes.
Which side won a narrow victory at Shiloh?
The Union won a narrow victory at the Battle of Shiloh. It was a costly battle for both sides.
What is the term for people killed, wounded, captured or missing in action?
The term for people killed, wounded, captured, or missing in action is casualties.
Which side won the First Battle of Bull Run?
The Confederacy won the First Battle of Bull Run (also known as First Manassas).
What was the Confederate’s goal when they rebuilt a damaged Union warship and covered it in iron?
The Confederate's goal was to create an ironclad warship (like the CSS Virginia, originally the USS Merrimack) to break the Union blockade and challenge Union naval dominance.
Why did the Union want to control the Mississippi River and its tributaries?
The Union wanted to control the Mississippi River and its tributaries to:
Split the Confederacy in two, isolating the western states.
Control vital transportation and supply lines for the Confederacy.
Open up the river to Northern commerce.
Which battle was the single deadliest day of fighting?
The Battle of Antietam (also known as Sharpsburg) was the single deadliest day of fighting in the Civil War.
What document made it clear that if the Union won the war slavery would end?
The Emancipation Proclamation made it clear that if the Union won the war, slavery would end in Confederate territories.
What did the capture of New Orleans mean for the Confederacy?
The capture of New Orleans by the Union was a major blow to the Confederacy. It meant:
Loss of a major port city and trading hub.
Reduced ability to import supplies.
Union control of a significant portion of the lower Mississippi River.
What general led the Army of Northern Virginia?
General Robert E. Lee led the Army of Northern Virginia for the Confederacy.
What general earned his nickname at 1st Bull Run when he could not be moved from his position?
General Thomas J. Jackson earned his nickname "Stonewall" Jackson at the First Battle of Bull Run.