Body planes

BODY SYSTEMS AND RELATED TESTS

UNIT 3

BODY SYSTEMS AND RELATED TESTS

Anatomic regions

Anatomic position is standing erect, arms at side with eyes and palms facing forward.

1. Supine: patient is lying horizontal on the back face up

2. Prone: patient is laying face down, palm facing down

Body Planes

*Body planes- a flat surface resulting from a real or imaginary cut through a body

1. Sagittal section (plane): a vertical line that separates

the body into right and left

-midsagittal: separates the body in equal parts

2. Frontal (coronal) section: a vertical line that trom separates the body into front and back (anterior/ventral and posterior/dorsal) Back

3. Transverse section: a horizontal line that separates the body into top and bottom (superior and inferior)

Body directional terms

head

bottom

1. Proximal

A. close to the point of attachment

B. the elbow is proximal to the wrist

2. Distal

A. away from the point of attachment

B. the fingers are distal to the wrist

Body Cavities

1. Dorsal cavity (dorsal/posterior side of the body)

A. cranial cavity (brain, CSF)

B. spinal cavity (spinal cord, CSF)

2. Thoracic cavity (ventral/anterior side of the body)

A.lungs and heart

3. Abdominal cavity (ventral/anterior side of body)

Diaphragm separates abdominal and thoracic cavities
B. Visceral organs (stomach, intestines,liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, gall bladder)

4. Pelvic cavity (ventral/anterior side of body)