Peripheral vs Central nervous system and the input/output loop
The transcript introduces input to the system as sensory input, e.g., keyboard and mouse analogies for peripheral nerves. These are likened to sensory neurons of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
The PNS is defined as everything outside the Central Nervous System (CNS); sensory neurons innervate skin and organs, sending afferent information to the CNS.
The CNS (brain and spinal cord) receives sensory information, computes it, and issues motor output to skeletal muscles and organs to guide behavior and function.
Analogy to a computer: input via keyboard/mouse (PNS) goes to the CPU (CNS) for processing, which then outputs information back to the user. Sensory input → CNS processing → motor output.