Korean Language Lesson: Chapter 4 - Location (တဲဳေ)

학습 목표 Learning Objectives

• 주제 (Subject): 4က တဲဳေ Location
• ဃဠမဤဒေ ဃဠမဦ့ တဲဳေဒဳ မဠအဳ ဳ အဤဒဠ. (You can talk about the location of people and objects.)
  • ဃဠမ့ တဲဳေဒဳ မဲကဳ ဒဵဒဳ ဳ အဤဒဠ. (You can ask about and answer the location of people.)
  • ဃဠမဦ့ တဲဳေဒဳ မဲကဳ ဒဵဒဳ ဳ အဤဒဠ. (You can ask about and answer the location of objects.)

ဆဠမဦ (Objects) and ဃဠမ (People) Existence: တ/က ေအေဳဓေ

• မဳကဠ ေအေဳဓေ?: What is there?

• တ/က ေအေဳဓေ: This expression indicates the existence of a thing, person, or condition. (There is/are…)

  • ဃဠမဦ(ဃဠမဦ)ဒဠ ဃဠမ, ဃဠတတ(ဃဠတတ)ဒ့ ဒဳဒဠ(ဒဳဒဠ)ဒဳ ကဒ(ကဒ)ဒဳ ဒဠတဠဒဵဒူ.

• ဒူဳဠမ Dialogue:

  • က: မဲေဳ ခဳ ဒဳဒ ကဳတဳေ မဳကဠ ေအေဳဓေ? (What is in Mei’s living room?)
  • ဒ: ဃဳနဠက ေအေဳဓေ. ကဳဒဳက တဳဒဳဳက ေအေဳဓေ. (There is a sofa. And there is a TV.)

ဒဒအဳ ဒဳဳဳ (Words & Expressions)

• ကဒဠက: Bag
• ကဒဠ: Snack; cookie
• ဒဳကဲ: Wallet
• အဒကဵက: Glasses
• ဃ: Book
• ဓဳတဵ: Pencil case
• ဓဵဒဲတဳ/ဓဳဒဲတဳ: Cellular phone / Mobile phone
• ကဳဓဳဓ: Classroom
• ဓဳကဲ: Clock; watch
• ဃဃဠက [ဃဃဠက]: Desk
• ဳဒဠ: Chair
• ဒဳဒေ: Calendar
• ဃမဓဳတေ: Computer
• ခဳ: Flower

Speaking Activities: Practice Exercises

• Activity: ကဒဠေ မဳကဠ ေအေဳဓေ? (What is in your bag?)
  • Examples of items: ဒဳကဲ (wallet), ဓဵဒဲတဳ (cellphone), ဃ (book), ကဒဠ (snack), အဒကဵက (glasses), ဓဳတဵ (pencil case).
• Activity: အဳဒဳ ကဳဓဳဓေ မဳကဠ ေအေဳဓေ? (What is in our classroom?)
  • Examples of items: ဓဳကဲ (clock), ဃဃဠက (desk), ဳဒဠ (chair), ဒဳဒေ (calendar), ခဳ (flower), ဃမဓဳတေ (computer).

ေ ေအေဳဓေ/အေဓေ (Location Particle)

• Grammar Definition: It is attached to a location noun (တဲဳေ မဲကဠ/ကဳတဳ မဲကဠ) and indicates the place of existence for an object or person.

• Usage: (Place/Location Noun)ေ ေအေဳဓေ/အေဓေ

• Interrogative Form: Nဳ/က အဒဳေ ေအေဳဓေ? (Where is N?)

• Examples:

  • ဒေဒဳ ဒဳဒေ ေအေဳဓေ. (I am at home.)
  • ဃဳမဒေက ဒဲေ ေအေဳဓေ. (The bed is in the room.)
  • က: ဃမဓဳတေက ကဳဓဳဓေ ေအေဳဓေ? (Is there a computer in the classroom?)
  • ဒ: ဒေ, ေအေဳဓေ. (Yes, there is.)
  • က: ဒဳကဳ ဒဳဒေ ေအေဳဓေ? (Are you at home now?)
  • ဒ: အဠဒဳဳ, ဒဳဒေ အေဓေ. (No, I am not at home.)
  • က: ဓဲဒဲဒဳအဳ အဒဳေ ေအေဳဓေ? (Where is the restroom?)
  • ဒ: $2$ဓဳေ ေအေဳဓေ. (It is on the $2^{nd}$ floor.)

Pair Work Practice (Handout Exercises)

• Exercise 1: ဒဳကဳ အဒဳေ ေအေဳဓေ? (Where are you now?)

  • Prompt 1 (Home/School): က: ဒဳကဳ ဒဳဒေ ေအေဳဓေ? / ဒ: အဠဒဳဳ, ဒဳဒေ အေဓေ. ဓဠကဳေ ေအေဳဓေ.
  • Prompt 2 (ဃဠဓေ? Cafe): က: ဒဳကဳ ဃဠဓေေ ေအေဳဓေ? / ဒ: ဒေ, ဃဠဓေေ ေအေဳဓေ.
  • Prompt 3 (ဓဳဒဠက? Restaurant): က: ဒဳကဳ ဓဳဒဠကေ ေအေဳဓေ?
  • Prompt 4 (ကဳဓဳဓ? Classroom): က: ဒဳကဳ ကဳဓဳဓေ ေအေဳဓေ?
  • Prompt 5 (ကဳတဳ? Park): က: ဒဳကဳ ကဳတဳေ ေအေဳဓေ?

• Exercise 2: အဒဳေ ေအေဳဓေ? (Where is it?)

  • Example (Phone): က: ဓဵဒဲတဳဒဳ အဒဳေ ေအေဳဓေ? / ဒ: ကဒဠေ ေအေဳဓေ.
  • Prompt 2 (ဃ Book): က: ဃဳ အဒဳေ ေအေဳဓေ? / ဒ: ဃဃဠက တဳေ ေအေဳဓေ.
  • Prompt 3 (ကဒဠ Bag): က: ကဒဠဳ အဒဳေ ေအေဳဓေ? / ဒ: ဳဒဠ တဳေ ေအေဳဓေ.
  • Prompt 4 (ဃဳမဒေ Bed): က: ဃဳမဒေကဠ အဒဳေ ေအေဳဓေ? / ဒ: ဒဲ အဒေ ေအေဳဓေ.
  • Prompt 5 (ဃမဓဳတေ Computer): က: ဃမဓဳတေကဠ အဒဳေ ေအေဳဓေ? / ဒ: ကဳဓဳဓ အဒေ ေအေဳဓေ.

ေအ (Possession Particle)

• Grammar Definition: မဲကဠ(မဲကဠ) ဒဳေ ဒဳအေဓေ မဲကဠေ ဓဳဳ (ဓဳဳ)ဒဠ ဓဳဒဳ (ဓဳဒဳ)အဳ ဒဠတဠဒဵဒူ. (It is attached to a noun and indicates that the preceding noun has ownership of or belonging to the following noun.)

• Pronunciation Rule: ‘ေအ’ can be pronounced as either [ေအ] or [ေ].

• Contractions: ‘ဒေအ’ (my) → ‘ဒေ’ (my).

• Spoken Language Rule: ေအ is often omitted (ဒဲဓေ ဒဠဳဳဒူ) in spoken dialogue.

• Examples:

  • အဒဒဠ ဓဳေ ကဒဠဒဳ ဒဠကဠဓေ. (Anna’s bag is small.)
  • ေအဒဳဳဒဳ ဒေ ဓဲအဓဳေဳေဳ. (Today is my birthday.)
  • က: ဳကအ ဒဳကဳ(ေအ) ဃဳေဳေဳ? (Whose book is this?)
  • ဒ: ဒဠဒဳေဳ ခဳ(ေအ) ဃဳေဳေဳ. (It’s Daniel’s book.)

Grammar Exercises (Completing Sentences with ေအ)

1. အအဳေအ အဳကဳဒဳ ကဳဓေဵဒဳေဳ. (The child's/kid's face is cute.)
2. ဳ ကဠဒဳေအ ဒဳဒဲကဠ ထမမ ဓဳအဠေဳ. (This singer's song is really good.)
3. မဲေဳ ဓဳေအ ဓဳကေဒဳ ထဳဒဠဓဳေအဳေဳ. (Mei's job is an office worker.)
4. ဒဠဒဳေဳ ဓဳေအ အဒဳကဵေ ဃဃဠက တဳေ ေအေဳဓေ. (Daniel's glasses are on the desk.)

Ownership Speaking Practice: ဳကအ ဒဳကဳ [မဲကဠ] ေေေေေ?

• Example (Hat): က: ဳကအ ဒဳကဳ မဳဒဠေဳေဳ? / ဒ: ဒတဳထဳ ဓဳ မဳဒဠေဳေဳ. (Steve's hat)
• Item 1 (Bag - Yumi): က: ဳကအ ဒဳကဳ ကဒဠဳေဳေဳ? / ဒ: ဓဳမဳ ဓဳ ကဒဠဳေဳေဳ.
• Item 2 (Cellphone - Henry): က: ဳကအ ဒဳကဳ ဓဵဒဲတဳေဳေဳ? / ဒ: ဓေဒဳဓဳ ဓဳ ဓဵဒဲတဳေဳေဳ.
• Item 3 (Wallet - Suji): က: ဳကအ ဒဳကဳ ဒဳကဲေဳေဳ? / ဒ: ဒဳဒဳ ဓဳ ဒဳကဲေဳေဳ.
• Item 4 (Book - Khalid): က: ဳကအ ဒဳကဳ ဃဳေဳေဳ? / ဒ: ကဓဳဒဳ ဓဳ ဃဳေဳေဳ.

တဲဳေ ေဒဒအဳ ဒဳဳဳ (Location Words & Expressions)

• အဒ (Inside)
• ဒဠက (Outside)
• အအ (Front)
• ဒဳ (Back)
• တဳ (On; above)
• အအေ (Below; under)
• ဓေ (Next to)
• ဒဠဳဳ (Between)

Exercise: Location Examples

• People and Cars:

  • ဒဠဒဠဒဳ ခဠ အဒေ ေအေဳဓေ. (The man is in the car.)
  • ဒဠဒဠဒဳ ခဠ ဒဠကေ ေအေဳဓေ. (The man is outside the car.)
  • ထဠဒဠဒဳ ခဠ အအေ ေအေဳဓေ. (The woman is in front of the car.)
  • ထဠဒဠဒဳ ခဠ ဒဳေ ေအေဳဓေ. (The woman is behind the car.)

• Objects and Furniture:

  • ကဒဠဒဳ ဳဒဠ တဳေ ေအေဳဓေ. (The bag is on the chair.)
  • ကဒဠဒဳ ဳဒဠ အအေေ ေအေဳဓေ. (The bag is under the chair.)
  • ကဒဠဒဳ ခဳ ဓေေ ေအေဳဓေ. (The bag is next to the flower.)
  • ကဒဠဒဳ ဳဒဠ ဒဠဳဳေ ေအေဳဓေ. (The bag is between chairs.)

Fill in the Blanks: Practice

• Where is the book (ဃဳ အဒဳေ ေအေဳဓေ?)

  • (ဃဃဠက တဳ) - On the desk
  • (ကဒဠ အဒ) - In the bag
  • (ဓဵဒဲတဳ ဓေ) - Next to the phone
  • (ဃဳဓဳ ဓေ / တဠဒဠ တဳ) - Next to coffee / On the table

• Where is she (ထဠဒဠကဠ အဒဳေ ေအေဳဓေ?)

  • (ကဳဓဳဓ အဒ) - In the classroom
  • (ဓဳဒဳ အအ) - In front of a friend
  • (ဓဳဒဳ ဒဳ) - Behind a friend
  • (ဓဳဒဳ ဓေ) - Next to a friend