Chapter7-Human-Environment
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The interplay between people and their environment, including the elements and their arrangements by which people use the environment and the limitations the environment puts on human behavior.
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The interplay between people and their environment
Human beings depend on the environment.
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The interplay between people and their environment
Human beings depend on the environment.
Human beings adapt to the environment.
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The interplay between people and their environment
Human beings depend on the environment.
Human beings adapt to the environment.
Human beings modify the environment.
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A theory suggesting that the physical environment, particularly climate and geography, shapes human societies and cultural development.
Human attitudes and decision-making are influenced by the environment.
Humans live at the mercy of environmental forces.
Humans are dependent on the natural environment.
Environmental forces control human actions and activities.
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Environmental determinism is the idea that the environment shapes its inhabitants, human culture, and behavior.
Humans are seen as clay molded by dominant nature.
Human attitudes and decision-making influenced by the environment.
Live at the mercy of environmental forces.
Dependent on the natural environment.
Control human actions and activities.
CORE THEME
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Environmental determinism explains how the environment shapes human culture and behavior:
Climatic influence
Access to water
Agriculture
Vegetation
Evidence of Environmental Determinism
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Individuals from relatively cold climates exhibit more energy than those from mild climates.
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People from hot climates are seen as relatively weak and lacking in courage and vitality, while those from cold climates have more vigor and vitality.
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BANDURA'S RECIPROCAL DETERMINISM MODEL:
Behavior
Personal Factors: cognition, environment affect, and biological events
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Humans can alter the environment to best serve their needs using technology.
Technology provides opportunities and possibilities for humans.
Humans are not controlled by their environment but have the freedom to choose and decide their activities.
CORE THEME
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Humans can alter the environment to best serve their needs using technology.
Technology provides opportunities and possibilities for humans.
Humans are free to choose and decide their activities.
CORE THEME
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The environment sets limitations for cultural development but does not completely define culture.
Culture is defined by opportunities and decisions made by humans in response to environmental limitations.
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Desert Agriculture
In arid regions like parts of Israel and southwestern USA, advanced irrigation techniques and drought-resistant crops are used to cultivate land despite low rainfall.
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Building on Mountains
In mountainous areas like Chongqing, China, residents build houses on the sides of mountains.
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Greenhouses in Cold Climates
In cold climates, like northern Europe and Canada, greenhouses allow year-round crop growth by creating controlled environments despite harsh outdoor conditions.
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Floating Gardens in Wetlands
In wetland regions like Bangladesh, farmers create floating gardens to cultivate vegetables, effectively using waterlogged land.
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Environmental Determinism vs. Environmental Possibilism:
Environmental Determinism
Environmental Cultural Factors
Environmental Possibilism allows for selective use of the environment
Cultural limits and factors
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CONCLUSION
Environmental determinism and environmental possibilism are two opposing views of human-environment interaction.
These theories illustrate how human behavior can be shaped or limited by the physical environment, emphasizing the influence of environment on human actions and vice versa.
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