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Framing Types

Wood Framing

  • Light Framing:
      - Walls are integral parts of building support.
  • Heavy Timber Framing:
      - Utilizes a framework where walls primarily serve as enclosure.
Types of Wood Framing

  1. Light Wood Framing
       - Balloon Frame
         - The lightest form of framing.
         - Studding and corner posts extend continuously from the first-floor line or sill to the roof plate.
         - Ribbons (boards) are notched and nailed into the studs.
         - Corner posts are designed to support second-story joists at appropriate heights.
         - Joists are positioned against studs wherever feasible.
         - Rigidity:
           - Lacks rigidity, prone to swaying and trembling in high winds.

       - Combination Frame
         - A modification of the old braced frame made of heavy timbers, where each joint is mortised and tenoned.
         - Modification includes lighter timbers and reduced mortising and pinning to save on material and labor usage.

  2. Girts Configuration
       - Girts are framed into corner posts at the second-story level joists.
       - They provide bracing to reinforce the entire frame.
       - Types of Girts:
         - Drop Girts: Support the floor joists.
         - Raised or Flush Girts: Run parallel to the joists.
       - Stud Configuration:
         - Studs extend from sill to girt and from girt to roof plate.
       - Diagonal Braces:
         - Run from the sill to corner posts and from corner posts to the roof plate.
       - Stability:
         - This type of construction is stiffer compared to the balloon frame due to heavier structural supports.

  3. Platform Frame
       - The foundation and second-floor structures are supported by their respective platforms.

  4. Heavy Wood Framing (Beam and Girder Framing)
       - Commonly employed in the Philippines.
       - Configuration:
         - Floor joists rest on girders, while roof trusses or rafters are supported by girts that frame into the posts.
       - Studs rest on floor sills and extend up to the girders or girts on each floor.

  5. Wood Posts on Concrete Piers
       - Wood posts are anchored and supported by reinforced concrete piers placed on isolated footings.
       - For optimal seating of wood posts on concrete, grout is poured between the joints to ensure a firm fit.