Types of Global Crime
Globalisation:
Globalisation describes the greater interconnectedness of nations in the contemporary era- coming together to form a global society
Many benefits of globalisation include the ability to work, travel and be influenced by other nations, but it has also increased the amounts and types of crime committed
Features of Globalisation:
Globalisation has many features that have influenced the types of crime committed
Increased travel and the growth of communications networks
Spread of capitalists’ ideologies
Influence of media
Threats to national security
Types of global crime:
Trafficking- arms, people, drugs, counterfeit goods
Organised crime
Corporate crime
Green crime
Cybercrime
State crime and human rights violations
Trafficking:
Transport of goods and people across borders illegally
The fall of communism and the creation of supra-national states such as the EU has allowed greater freedom of movement
Increased and cheaper air travel along with cuts to border control staff have created opportunities for trafficking
Organised Crime:
Growth of organised crime, particularly in former Soviet states after the collapse of consumerism
Former secret service agents (e.g. KGB) no longer employed by the state but engaged in organised crime
Access to resources, contacts and skills to create global criminal networks
Corporate Crimes:
Deregulation of markets and free trade have allowed many transnational companies to set up globally
The movement of production to low-wage economies has also meant less scrutiny of business practices
Employment practices, health and safety concerns and environmental issues have arisen as TNCs grow
Green Crimes:
Growth of environmental damage as TNCs spread production further away from consumers
Increased air travel and industrialisation of the developing world have led to a climate crisis
Declining natural resources exhausted by over-consumption in the global age
Cyber Crimes:
The growth of internet and mobile technologies has led to an increase in the amount of cybercrime
Greater connectivity with other nations also means greater access for global criminals
Increases in fraud, identity theft, cyber-trespass and restoration
State Crimes and Human Rights Violations:
Globalisation has increased awareness of state crimes and human rights violations through the media
The influence of cultural globalisation has led to resistance in the form of terrorism- often state-sponsored
Greater awareness of different cultures has led people to question universal human rights and challenge violations