ESC_ELS 1.2 Steady State Theory and Oscillating Universe Theory

Steady State Theory and Oscillating Universe Theory

The Steady State Theory

- The steady state theory is another view that proposes that

the universe has always been expanding. NO ENDING and NO BEGINNING.

Proponents of the Steady State Theory

Hermann Bondi, Thomas Gold, and Fred Hoyle they are the people who proposed the steady state theory in 1948.

Drawbacks of the Steady State Theory

  • The discovery of cosmic microwave background (CMB)

radiation significantly supported the explanations given by

the big bang theory and led many scientists to reject the

steady state theory in 1965.

Oscillating Universe Theory

  • Oscillating Universe theory, also known as pulsating

theory, proposes that the universe is expanding and will

contract once all the energy after the big bang has been

used up.

The Big Crunch it occurs when the universe expands and eventually reverses, then collapses causing the formation of a singularity.

Proponent of Oscillating Universe Theory

  • Richard Tolman, a Caltech professor, proposed it.

Drawbacks of the Oscillating Universe Theory

  • The suggestion that the universe would collapse on its own

after it reached its full expansion violates some current laws

of physics, such as the postulated existence of dark energy.

Key Points

  • Both the steady state theory and big bang theory

suggest that the universe is expanding.

  • Steady state theory proposes that as the universe

    continuously expand, its average density remains

    constant.

  • It was proposed by Hermann Bondi, Thomas Gold,

    and Fred Hoyle in 1948.

  • Steady state theory violates the law of conseration

    of mass and energy.

  • The oscillating universe theory discusses that the

    universe is expanding and will contract once all the

    energy after the big bang has been used up, only to

    expand again once it approaches the point of

    singularity.

  • Richard Tolman is the proponent of oscillating

    universe theory.

  • Oscillating universe theory violates current laws of

    physics laws such as the postulated existence of

    dark matter