summerized tooth eruption_1
Introduction
Presented by: Katayoun Saalem, Department of Pediatric Dentistry
Page 1
In the name of God
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Topic Overview
Focus on tooth eruption and what to expect in children.
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Title
Tooth Eruption by Katayoun Saalem
Page 4
References
McDonald 2021, Chapter 20
Nowak 2019, Chapter 3
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Lesson Plan for First Session
Describe eruption mechanisms
Familiarity with teething and difficult eruption
Understand failure of eruption
Page 6
Definition of Tooth Eruption
Movement of teeth from their formation site in the alveolar process to their functional position in the oral cavity.
Page 7
Eruption Mechanism
Eruption begins with root formation.
Initial thought on eruption stages based on Demerjian's Stage E.
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Timing of Eruption
Permanent teeth eruption timing varies by type of tooth.
Page 9-12
Timing of Permanent Teeth Eruption
Central Incisor: 7-8 years
Lateral Incisor: 8-9 years
Cuspid: 11-12 years
First Premolar: 10-11 years
Second Premolar: 10-12 years
Upper Dental Arch
First Molar: 6-7 years
Second Molar: 12-13 years
Page 13
Maxillary Eruption Timings
First Premolar: 10-11 years
Second Premolar: 10-12 years
Page 14
Effect of Premature Loss of Primary Molars on Eruption
Early loss (4-5 yrs) delays eruption of premolars.
Loss after age 5 decreases delay in eruption.
Extraction at ages 8-10 accelerates premolar eruption.
Page 15
Eruption Timing of Primary Teeth
New findings indicate earlier initial calcification and later eruption of primary teeth than previously accepted.
Eruption timing is now recognized as 2 months later than before.
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Baby Tooth Development Chart
Teeth Location | Eruption | Shedding |
|---|---|---|
Central Incisor | 8-12 months | 6-7 years |
Lateral Incisor | 9-13 months | 7-8 years |
Canine | 16-22 months | 10-12 years |
First Molar | 13-19 months | 9-11 years |
Second Molar | 25-33 months | 10-12 years |
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Normal Variations in Eruption
Variations of up to 6 months on either side of average eruption date are normal.
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Eruption Timing Considerations
Left-right-side eruption should not deviate by more than 2-4 months.
Page 19
Boys vs. Girls in Lower Permanent Tooth Development
Girls advance earlier than boys in crown completion and particularly in root development, notably in mandibular canines.
Page 20-21
Theories of Tooth Eruption
Eruption is a complex process regulated by various cells and signals from dental and alveolar structures.
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Signaling Pathways in Tooth Development
Involves the interaction of dental follicle and alveolar bone through various signaling molecules.
Page 23-25
Paracrine Signaling Pathway
Interaction between dental follicle and adjacent tissues involving various growth factors for effective eruption.
Page 26
Overview of Tooth Eruption Process
Involves recruitment of mononuclear cells into the dental follicle for osteoclastic activity to create an eruption pathway.
Page 27
Theories of Eruption
Root elongation
Vascular tissue forces
Alveolar bone growth
Dentin growth
Periodontal membrane influence
Hormonal factors
Viable dental follicle presence
Muscular action pressure
Alveolar crest resorption
Page 28-30
Eruption Process Stages
Pre-emergent Stage: Begins with root formation, requiring a cleared path.
Includes resorption of alveolar bone, allowing dental movement.
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Eruption Canal
Offers guidance to the tooth during eruption, facilitates its positioning within the jaw.
Page 32-34
Timing of Tooth Emergence
Emerges closer to the root formation stage, with significant root formation occurring by clinical emergence.
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Tooth Emergence Movement
Teeth can reach occlusion before root development is complete, emphasizing intraosseous and supracrestal tooth movements.
Page 36-37
Influencing Eruption Path
Determined by genetic and local factors including crowding.
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Duration from Crown Completion to Full Occlusion
Takes approximately 5 years for permanent teeth.
Page 39-41
Resorption Mechanisms
Pressure from erupting teeth leads to differentiation and activation of osteoclasts and odontoclasts.
Page 42-43
Eruption Anomalies
Blocked Eruption Path: Caused by inadequate space or ankylosis.
Ectopic Eruption: Common in specific teeth like molars or incisors.
Page 44-47
Primary Failure of Eruption
Genetic Influence: Mutations in relevant genes affect the eruption pathway.
Teeth may remain unerupted and lead to open bite conditions.
Page 48-50
Management Strategies
Regular monitoring is essential; intervention if ankylosis is evident after careful evaluation.
Page 51-55
Lingual Eruption of Mandibular Permanent Incisors
Common and often self-correcting, requiring periodic observation.
Page 56-59
Teething and Difficult Eruption
Signs include increased saliva, irritability, and redness of gums.
Recommended management includes gentle massage and proper supervision during teething.
Page 60-64
Eruption Hematoma and Sequestrum
Occurs shortly before tooth eruption and typically resolves without intervention or may require minor surgical intervention.
Page 65-71
Natal and Neonatal Teeth
Rare conditions characterized by teeth present at birth or shortly after.
management focuses on maintaining teeth and preventing complications.
Page 72-73
Epstein Pearls, Bohn Nodules, and Dental Lamina Cysts
Normal mucosal findings in newborns requiring no treatment.
Page 74-78
Local Factors Affecting Eruption
Includes issues like ankylosis and eruption rhythm interruptions.
Page 79-82
Ankylosis Characteristics
Clinical and radiographic methods aid in diagnosing ankylosed teeth; may affect normal exfoliation and dental eruption.
Page 83-96
Management of Ankylosed Teeth
Early recognition is crucial.
Different strategies depend on the individual case, emphasizing monitoring versus active treatment.
Page 97-101
Factors Affecting Eruption in the Permanent Teeth
Examination of complications due to primary tooth ankylosis on permanent successors.
Page 102-104
Systemic Factors Related to Delayed Eruption
Includes genetic disorders and hormonal issues.
Page 105
Conclusion
Thank you for the attention!