PBSI 345 Exam 5 Review Flashcards

Syllogisms:
- Understanding of syllogisms is required.
Brain Regions Active During Reasoning:
- Identify the regions of the brain that are active during reasoning.
- Consider activity both with and without meaningful content.
Deductive vs. Inductive Reasoning:
- Understand the distinction between deductive and inductive reasoning.
Chart on Slide 10:
- Memorize and understand the chart on slide 10.
- Content includes: modus ponens, modus tollens, etc.
Evaluation of Conditional Arguments:
- Refer to slide 18 for evaluation of conditional arguments.
Particular vs. Universal Statements:
- Understand the difference between particular and universal statements.
Permission Schemas:
- Knowledge of permission schemas is important.
Johnson-Laird’s 1983 Experiment:
- Review Johnson-Laird’s 1983 experiment (slide 39).
Confirmation Biases:
- Understand the concept of confirmation biases.

Phineas Gage:
- Understand Phineas Gage's case.
- Identify the area of his brain injured in the accident.
Bayes’ Rule:
- Understand and know Bayes’ Rule.
- $P(A|B) = \frac{P(B|A) \cdot P(A)}{P(B)}$
- Understand different types of probability related to Bayes' Rule.
- Conservatism: understand its impact on probabilistic judgements.
- Probability Matching: use of relative frequencies to make judgments.
Accuracy of Probabilistic Judgements:
- Understand factors affecting accuracy.
- How does reliance on memory influence accuracy?
Conclusions of Tversky & Kahneman Study (1973):
- Review the conclusions of the Tversky & Kahneman study (1973).
Decision Making:
- Understand decision making both with and without uncertainty.
- Recognition Heuristic: how recognition influences decisions.
- Subject Utility: understand the concept of subjective utility.
- Framing Effects: how information is presented affect choices.
Base Rate Neglect:
- Understand the concept of base rate neglect and its implications.