Energy and Power (note + flashcard)
In this note, you will find information about thermodynamics and the different forms of energy.
Big idea:
Advancements in the processing and controlling of energy have been an enabling factor in the development of technology.
Thermodynamics:
Four Laws of Thermodynamics that help to define things like energy, the flow of energy, and temperature
Zeroth law - Helps to define temperature
“If each of two systems is equal to a third, then the first two are also equal.”
First law - Conservation of energy
“Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; however, energy can flow from one form to another.”
“If a system has a temperature, then the total energy of the system has three parts—kinetic energy, potential energy, and internal energy—and as the internal energy increases, so does the potential energy.”
Heat flow is a form of energy transfer
Performing work is a form of energy transfer.
Work is equal to the force you exert and the distance an object moves.
W = F X D
Second law - energy flows away from it’s source
Third law - As a system approaches absolute zero, energy is not produced
Forms of energy:
Six Major Forms of Energy:
Thermal – or heat, the vibration/movement of atoms within systems.
Radiant – or light, the electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves.
Electrical – energy made available by the flow of an electric charge through a conductor.
Mechanical – energy stored in the movement of objects or systems
Chemical – energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules (examples: biomass, petroleum, natural gas, and coal)
Nuclear – energy stored in the nucleus of an atom—the energy that holds the nucleus together
Renewable vs Non-Renewable:
Energy sources can be classified as:
Renewable:
Water
Wind
Solar
Renewable energy accounts for 17% of the world’s energy sources.
Non-Renewable:
Fossil Fuels
Uranium
Fossil fuels provide around 81% of the world’s electrical power.
Oil and coal power plants produce harmful environmental emissions.
Nuclear power is generated using uranium and produces around 3% of the world’s energy needs.
Energy Flow Diagram:
Two common diagrams used to show the flow of energy within any system:
Sankey Diagram - shows the type of energy that goes into a system and how the energy is converted, which also includes wasted energy, usually in the form of heat.
Flow Diagram - depicts how energy moves through a system and includes the type of energy and how that energy is generated and stored.
In this note, you will find information about thermodynamics and the different forms of energy.
Big idea:
Advancements in the processing and controlling of energy have been an enabling factor in the development of technology.
Thermodynamics:
Four Laws of Thermodynamics that help to define things like energy, the flow of energy, and temperature
Zeroth law - Helps to define temperature
“If each of two systems is equal to a third, then the first two are also equal.”
First law - Conservation of energy
“Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; however, energy can flow from one form to another.”
“If a system has a temperature, then the total energy of the system has three parts—kinetic energy, potential energy, and internal energy—and as the internal energy increases, so does the potential energy.”
Heat flow is a form of energy transfer
Performing work is a form of energy transfer.
Work is equal to the force you exert and the distance an object moves.
W = F X D
Second law - energy flows away from it’s source
Third law - As a system approaches absolute zero, energy is not produced
Forms of energy:
Six Major Forms of Energy:
Thermal – or heat, the vibration/movement of atoms within systems.
Radiant – or light, the electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves.
Electrical – energy made available by the flow of an electric charge through a conductor.
Mechanical – energy stored in the movement of objects or systems
Chemical – energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules (examples: biomass, petroleum, natural gas, and coal)
Nuclear – energy stored in the nucleus of an atom—the energy that holds the nucleus together
Renewable vs Non-Renewable:
Energy sources can be classified as:
Renewable:
Water
Wind
Solar
Renewable energy accounts for 17% of the world’s energy sources.
Non-Renewable:
Fossil Fuels
Uranium
Fossil fuels provide around 81% of the world’s electrical power.
Oil and coal power plants produce harmful environmental emissions.
Nuclear power is generated using uranium and produces around 3% of the world’s energy needs.
Energy Flow Diagram:
Two common diagrams used to show the flow of energy within any system:
Sankey Diagram - shows the type of energy that goes into a system and how the energy is converted, which also includes wasted energy, usually in the form of heat.
Flow Diagram - depicts how energy moves through a system and includes the type of energy and how that energy is generated and stored.