2.3 - legislation
Legislation - a law or set of laws suggested by a government and made official by parliaments
Mostly comes from morals, religion and activists
Act - a formal decision, law or the like, by a legislature, ruler, court or other authority
Regulations - a law or rule prescribed by authority, especially to regulate conduct
Purpose - the reasons for something existing
Aim - to have the intention of achieving
Legislations
Veterinary Surgeons Act 1966
Ensures only veterinary surgeons can perform veterinary surgery
Vet surgery includes - diagnosis and diagnostic tests, giving advice based on diagnosis, the medical and surgical treatment of animals, preferring surgical operation of animals
Schedule 3 exceptions - nurses, student nurses
Aims to protect animals from illegal or inexperienced vet care
Purposed - to prevent inexperienced people from practising vet med
The Animal Welfare Act 2006
Replaced the Animal Protection Act 1911
Makes owners and keepers responsible for ensuring the welfare needs of their animals are met by complying with the 5 needs
Anyone who is cruel to an animal or does not provide for its welfare needs may be banned from owning animals, fined up to £20000 or sent to prison
This act contains a duty of care to animals, meaning those responsible for animals must take reseal steps to make sure the animal's needs are met
Aims - to prevent animals from unnecessary harm or suffering
Purpose - stop people from owning animals and providing them with incorrect or inadequate care
The health and safety at work act 1974
Designed to maintain and improve the health and safety standards at work
Provides protection against risks in the workplace and controls the storage and use of dangerous substances
Ensures worker's activities do not endanger any person
Covers employee's and employer's responsibilities whilst in any workplace
Covers the use of hygiene, PPE, reporting of incidence, training, risk assessments
Aims - to ensure all employees and employers have a duty of care
Purpose - protect employees and employers in workplace activities and environment
COSHH 2002
Aims to control oscillation illness and reduce exposure the hazardous substances
Includes cleaning materials, waste produces and disease-causing organisms
The regulations include risk assessments, monitoring and controlling exposure to substances and training
Aims for the reduction in exposure to substances that could cause ill health
Enforces the use of labels
Employers control the exposure of employees so substances
RIDDOR 2013
Reporting of injuries diseases and dangerous occurrences regulations
Aims to reduce and prevent accidents at work
Recording system for any incidence that occurs at work, including. Near misses
Protects employees/ employers and their business
Includes death, injury and time off due to injury at work
Equality act 2010
Legally protects people from discrimination in the workplace and in society
It sets out the different ways in which it's unlawful to treat someone
Brings together 116 separate species of legislation
The nine main pieces - The Equal Pay Act 1970, The Sex Discrimination Act 1975, The Race Relations Act 1975, The Disability Discrimination Act 1995, The Employment Equality (Religion or Belief) Regulations 2003, The Employment Equality (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2003, The Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006, The Equality Act 2006, Part 2, The Equality Act (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2007
Hazardous Waste Amendment Regulations 2009
Waste disposal is regulated by the environmental agency
Under the Environmental Protection Act 1990, any business generating waste has a ‘duty of care’ to dispose of it safely and in accordance with the law.
It is the responsibility of the employer to develop a system for waste disposal and to ensure that all employees follow correct procedures.
Any establishments found not carrying out such procedures are liable to prosecution
if a practice produces over 500kg of hazardous waste it must register with the Environment Agency as a hazardous waste producer.
Many veterinary practices fall into this category
Sharps contaminated with blood or pharmaceuticals
Infectious waste- clinical waste
Cytotoxic and cytostatic pharmaceuticals (includes medicinal waste that is toxic, carcinogenic and/or mutagenic) plus any equipment used for their administration, PPE and animal bedding
Radiographic chemicals developer and fixer should be kept separate and disposed of as hazardous waste
Non-hazardous waste - Non-cytotoxic or cytostatic pharmaceuticals, Includes controlled drugs – disposed of separately, Prescription-only medicines, Out-of-date drugs Contaminated bottles, syringes and packaging, Offensive waste- swabs, gloves and animal bedding (not clinical waste as cannot be anything that contains risk of hazard or infection but is unpleasant to the senses), Non-infectious cadaver, Domestic waste
The Department of Health has written a guidance booklet - Safe Management of Healthcare Waste Version 1 (2011)
It defines colour coding to help add a visual clue to the regulatory codes.
There is no legal basis for the colours but they are helpful in designing segregation routines.