Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory - Flame Tests and Compound Properties

Flame Color Summaries and Theoretical Results

• Flame test colors provide qualitative diagnostic identification for various chemical elements, ions, and functional groups under direct non-luminous flame observation and when viewed through cobalt glass filters.

• Sodium ($Na$):

  • Direct Flame Color: Intense yellow

  • Cobalt Glass Observation: Nil

• Lithium ($Li$):

  • Direct Flame Color: Carmine red

  • Cobalt Glass Observation: Purple

• Strontium ($Sr$):

  • Direct Flame Color: Crimson

  • Cobalt Glass Observation: Purple

• Cesium ($Cs$):

  • Direct Flame Color: Pale violet

  • Cobalt Glass Observation: Unspecified / None

• Rubidium ($Rb$):

  • Direct Flame Color: Pale violet

  • Cobalt Glass Observation: Unspecified / None

• Potassium ($K$):

  • Direct Flame Color: Violet

  • Cobalt Glass Observation: Crimson