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Midterm Review Summary

  • Exam Structure:

    • 6 image identifications
    • 45 multiple choice questions
    • 5 extra credit opportunities

  • Camera Obscura Translation:

    • Latin: "dark room"

  • First Successful Photographic Process:

    • Daguerreotype

  • First Photobook Photographer:

    • Anna Atkins; Process: Cyanotype

  • Popular Use of Daguerreotype:

    • Portraits

  • Birthdate of Photography:

    • 1839

  • Postmortem Photography:

    • Common for infants/children due to:
    • Exposure times
    • Cost and luxury aspect

  • Notable Photographers/Works:

    • Oscar Rejlander: "Two Ways of Life" (1857)
    • Henry Peach Robinson: "Fading Away" (1858)

  • Calotypes & Romanticism:

    • Relationship: Idealization of the picturesque; focus on the natural world

  • Calotype Translation:

    • Latin: "beautiful impression"

  • Calotype vs. Salt Print:

    • Calotype: Paper negative
    • Salt Print: Paper positive

  • Patent Holder of Calotype Process:

    • William Henry Fox Talbot

  • First Book Illustrated by Calotype:

    • "The Pencil of Nature"

  • Civil War Photographic Process:

    • Tintype

  • Key Civil War Photograph:

    • Alexander Gardner: "Home of a Rebel Sharpshooter" (Gettysburg, 1863)

  • Wet Plate Collodion Inventor:

    • Frederick Scott Archer

  • First Documented War & Photographer:

    • Crimean War; Photographer: Roger Fenton

  • Gardner's Photobook Title:

    • "Photographic Sketchbook of War"

  • John Thomson's Contribution:

    • Street Life in London (social reform focus)

  • Eadward Muybridge's Study:

    • "Animal Locomotion" (1887)

  • Snapshot Camera Introduction:

    • Kodak

  • 3D Imaging Device:

    • Stereoscope

  • Timothy O'Sullivan's Work:

    • "A Harvest of Death" (1863)

  • Key Civil War Photographer:

    • Alexander Gardner

  • Hippolyte Bayard's Notable Work:

    • "Self Portrait of a Drowned Man" (1840)

  • Henry Fox Talbot's Notable Work:

    • "The Open Door" (Lacock Abbey, 1844)

  • Manifest Destiny Concept:

    • Belief in God-given right to explore and claim land

  • Matthew Brady's Photography Strategy:

    • Rarely at the front lines; utilized other photographers and claimed images as own

  • Photography Legal Definition:

    • Considered an art form in 1862

  • Goal of Photographic Transparency:

    • To create the impression of truthfulness, allowing viewers to trust what they see.