Fluids and Electrolyte Imbalances (Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia, Hypermagnesemia, Hypercalcemia)

HYPOCALCEMIA

  • Signs and indicators mentioned
    • Chvostek sign
    • Trousseau sign
  • HYPOCALCEMIA TREATMENT
    • Presented as a slide header: HYPOCALCEMIA TREATMENT
    • No specific treatment details provided in the transcript excerpt beyond the heading

HYPERCALCEMIA

  • HYPERCALCEMIA TREATMENT (as shown on slides)
    • IV fluids + diuretic
    • PO phosphate
  • SEVERE HYPERCALCEMIA
    • Indicated by the slide labels but no additional treatment details provided in the transcript excerpt

HYPOMAGNESIUM

  • HYPOMAGNESIUM
    • MILD SIGNS
    • Nausea/vomiting
    • Decreased appetite
    • Fatigue
    • Weakness
    • SEVERE SIGNS (listed under the same context)
    • Muscle cramps
    • Numbness
    • Seizures
    • Tetany
    • Personality changes
    • Cardiac dysrhythmias
  • HYPOMAGNESIUM TREATMENT (as shown on slides)
    • Mild signs: Magnesium supplements; Foods high in magnesium
    • Foods high in magnesium (examples listed):
    • Cooked spinach
    • Pumpkin seeds
    • Black beans

HYPERMAGNESIUM

  • HYPERMAGNESIUM
    • MILD
    • SEVERE
  • HYPERMAGNESIUM TREATMENT
    • IV calcium gluconate or calcium chloride
    • Diuretics

FLUID COMPARTMENTS

  • FLUID COMPARTMENTS (section indicated on the slides)
    • The transcript contains the header but does not include detailed content about compartments

FLUID IMBALANCES REGULATION MECHANISMS

  • Regulation mechanisms listed
    • Thirst
    • ADH (vasopressin)
    • Osmosis