Oral Communication

Communication Models:
Shannon & Weaver - Focuses on the technical aspects and linear transmission of messages.

Schramm - Introduces feedback and the interactive nature of communication, with emphasis on shared experiences.

Berlo - Breaks down communication into more detailed elements, emphasizing the roles of the source and receiver.

Speech Contexts:
Intrapersonal Communication - Involves talking to oneself and involves reflection on one's attitudes, beliefs, opinions, thoughts, and ideas. It includes decision-making processes, planning, and self-reflection activities like writing journals.

Interpersonal Communication - Happens between people, where they share thoughts, ideas, and feelings. It can occur face-to-face, through phone calls, or via other communication channels like text messages. This type of communication involves nonverbal cues such as body language, facial expressions, and tone of voice.

Public Communication - Involves addressing a larger audience, such as a group, class, or the public. It uses different media like television, radio, newspapers, or the internet to reach a broad audience. Public communication is often used for speeches, announcements, or public messages.

Nonverbal Behavior - Plays a significant role in communication. It includes actions like smiling, frowning, and other gestures, which can reflect how one feels about the conversation or interaction

Speech Styles:

Intimate Style - The intimate speech style is a form of communication characterized by a high degree of personal closeness and familiarity between the speakers. It is typically used in private, informal settings, and often involves close relationships, such as between family members, close friends, or romantic partners.

Casual Communication - Involves using contractions, slang, simplified grammar, and omitting words like "that" in informal settings such as conversations with family or friends, blogs, tweets, or advertisements.

Formal Style - Employed in settings like meetings, church services, bank transactions, job interviews, prestigious ceremonies, interactions with superiors, and when writing formal letters, news reports, and speeches.

Consultative Style - Used when someone shows interest in involving others in a topic, project, or activity, allowing them to participate in decision-making.

Frozen Style - Applied when one shows hesitation, disinterest, or prejudice during dialogue, conversations, or conferences.