Sound: Metre, Rhythm and Rhyme
Metre:
pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables, smallest unit: foot
number of stressed syllables and sequence
can be specified according to type of foot and number of feet in a line
Most common types of feet:
Iamb (iambic): xX,
Trochee (trochaic): Xx
Dactyl (dactylic): Xxx
Anapest (anapestic): xxX
Spondee (spondaic): XX
Free verse: no regualr metre
Number of stresses syllables per line:
1 = monometer
2 = dimeter
3 = trimeter
4 = tetrameter
5 = pentameter
6 = hexameter
7 = heptameter
8 = octameter
Relationship between metre and rhythm
Metre: abstract organising principles or grid
Rhythm: concrete manner in which grid is filled
Rhyme and sound patterns
Rhyme = consonance of words from last stressed vowel
Basic distinction according to position:
End-rhyme (at the end of sentence)
Internal rhyme (anywhere else)
Rhyme forms:
Rhyming couplet aa bb
Alternate rhyme abab cdcd
Envelope rhyme abba cddc
Tail rhyme aab ccb
Masculine rhyme (two stressed syllables like man, fan)
Feminine rhyme (stressed syllables→unstressed like gender, bender)
Triple rhyme (parallels three syllables)
Identical rhyme (book rhymed with book)
Eye-rhyme (words look like they rhyme but they don't)
Half-rhyme (not perfect rhymes)