Recap Chapter 1 Science: Biodiversity, Invertebrates, and Vertebrates

Biodiversity and Habitats

• Biodiversity is a diversity of living organisms including animals, plants, and microorganisms (michroorganisms).
• The existence of biodiversity is the result of the diversity of habitats and the climates.
• Habitat is defined as the natural environment where animals and plants live and reproduce.
• Requirements of a habitat:
  • Food
  • Shelters
  • Temperature that is suitable for life

Animal Classification Overview

• Animals are divided into two main categories:
  • Invertebrates (animals without a backbone)
  • Vertebrates (animals with a backbone)

Invertebrate Classification

• Invertebrates With Legs:

  • 3 pairs of legs:
  • Cockroaches
  • Butterflies
  • Grasshopper
  • Ants
  • More than 3 pairs of legs:
  • Scorpion
  • Centipede
  • Spiders
  • Prawn

• Invertebrates Without Legs:

  • Segmented body:
  • Tapeworm
  • Earthworm
  • Leech
  • Non-segmented body:
  • Sea anemone
  • Snail
  • Starfish

Vertebrate Groups and Characteristics

• Mammals:

  • Thermal Regulation: Homeothermic (an animal that has constant body that is not influenced by surrounding temperature).
  • Respiration: Breathes through lungs.
  • Offspring & Care: Gives birth and nurses their young.
  • Body Covering: Body covered with hair.
  • Fertilization: Internal fertilisation.

• Reptiles:

  • Thermal Regulation: Poikilothermic.
  • Respiration: Breathes through lungs.
  • Reproduction: Lay eggs with shells.
  • Body Covering: Body covered with scales and hard skin.
  • Fertilization: Internal fertilisation.

• Birds:

  • Thermal Regulation: Homeothermic.
  • Respiration: Breathes through lungs.
  • Reproduction: Lay eggs with shells.
  • Physical Features: Body covered with feathers, has wings and a beak.
  • Fertilization: Internal fertilisation.

• Fish:

  • Thermal Regulation: Poikilothermic.
  • Respiration: Breathes through gills.
  • Reproduction: Lay eggs.
  • Body Covering: Body covered with scales.
  • Fertilization: External fertilisation.

• Amphibians:

  • Habitat: Live in land and water.
  • Thermal Regulation: Poikilothermic.
  • Respiration: Breathes through gills (young) and lungs and moist skin (adult).
  • Reproduction: Lay slimy eggs without shells.
  • Body Covering: Moist skin.
  • Fertilization: External fertilisation.