Islam and cultural Encounter: A four-way comparison

With the spread of Islam, the Creation of the Arab Empire also came to be
When the Arab Empire died out Islam and the Arab civilization still grew and flourished
Islamic religions spread outside of the Arab Empire Boundaries
Islam grew as a region, civilization, and arena of commerce
Turks: were the third major carriers of Islam
Arabs and Persians: 2 biggest carries of Islam
Islam became the dominant faith in the Middle East, North Africa, and Persia.

Hinduism was/is such an adaptive religion but when it came to Islamic beliefs the differences were very great and there was little to no synchronization
Many of the low-caste members and untouchables found Islam refreshing
People converted to escape the taxes on non-muslims
Sikhism emerged from the two which blended the two religions together. Sikhism had 1 god but had other aspects like Karma and rebirth. However, it was made sure to be completely distinct from Islam and Hinduism.
Temples and Buddas were destroyed by the Turkic and Sufis
Islam was never the dominant faith in India and only ever 20-25% of the population believed.

Now modern-day Turkey
the population was Under the Byzantine empire and was largely Greek-speaking and Christian
Turkic intrusion lead to 90% of Anatolia's population converting to Islam
There were limits to what Christians could do due to the discrimination from the Turkic
Due to the Centralization of Chruch in Anatolia, it was easier for Islam to invade and convert people compared to India’s decentralized civilization
Turkish representation of Islamic religion dominated in Anatolia
Women were freer and considered more equal
Turkish Culture and the language were spoken not Arabic.

Carried by Muslim traders rather than Arab or Turkic armies
Islam provided a link for African merchant communities to Muslim trading partners
Its religion appealed to societies that were new to participating in the world
Gave monarchs literate officials.
by the 16th century Wes Africa was a place with lots of religious and intellectual life
Islam was mostly established by scholars, merchants, and rulers
Arabic played a role in religion, education, administration and trade but was not the dominant language
West Africa became Islamized but Islam also became Africanized
Women had no rules of covering up

called al-Andalus by Muslims
Muslims, Christians, and Jews lived side by side tolerantly
In 1000 about 75% converted to Islam while the remaining Christians adopted my aspects like covering up, not eating pork, and more
Golden Age of Muslim Spain: Abd al-Rahman lll reign and freedom of worship was declared
Under the rule of al-Mansure discrimination against Christians reigned. Muslims avoided contact with them, they were segregated, Christain houses had to be built lower than Muslims, priests couldn’t carry a bible or cross, and more.
Cristian reconquest gained movement after 1200
In 1492 Ferdinand and Isabella the Catholic monarchs of Spain took Granada the last Muslim stronghold
Jews and Muslims were eventually pushed out but cultural interchange prevailed
Many went to Spain for the wanted secular thinking of the Greek and Arab scholars. (Ex. philosophy, mathematics, medicine, optics, astronomy, botany, and more)
One of the only regions to experience a religious takeover but have a religious reversal.