AP PSYCH

Little Albert Experiment

Conducted by John B.

Watson. Demonstrated the generalization of learning experiences in children. This study was among the first studies that showed that fear responses could be learned and generalized to similar objects.

Stanford Prison Experiment

Conducted by Philip

Zimbardo. A controversial experiment which investigated the psychological effects of being a prisoner or prison guard.

Bobo Doll Experiment

Conducted by Albert Bandura. Bandura developed social learning theory which proposes that behaviors are learned socially by observing and imitating others. In the bobo doll study Bandura wanted to see if observation of aggressive behaviors would lead to imitation of the chidese behaviors by

Asch Conformity

Study-Conducted by Solomon Asch.

Investigate the extent to which social pressure from a majority group could affect a person to conform.

Pavlov's Dog Experiment

Conducted by Ivan Pavlov. he conditioning dogs to salivate in response to the sound of a bell. He did this by ringing a bell as he presented food, at which the dogs would respond by salivating. After several trials of the bell and food presented together, Pavlov rang the bell alone without presenting food and the dogs gave the usual salivary response.

Surrogate Mother

Experiment

Conducted by Harry Harlow. In his surrogate mother experiment,

Harlow demonstrated the importance of contact comfort. Baby rhesus monkeys were separated from their mothers and given two surrogate

mothers - one made out of wire, and another made of terry cloth. He found that the baby monkeys preferred to cling to the terry cloth surrogate even when food was provided by the wire surrogate.

Skinner Box-Conducted by B.F. Skinner. Studied how behavior can be reinforced to be repeated or weakened to be

extinguished. He designed the Skinner Box where an animal, often a rodent, would be given a food pellet or an electric shock.

Further, he studied whether continuous, fixed ratio, fixed interval, variable ratio, and variable interval reinforcement led to faster response or learning.

The Misinformation Effect-Conducted by Elizabeth Loftus.

Participants were shown video footage of a traffic accident. After watching the clip, the participants were then asked a number of questions. One of the questions asked was, "How fast were the cars going when they hit each other?" Participants were instead asked how fast the cars were going when they

"smashed into" each other.

Studies reveal how people can recall wrong information about an event witnessed if given a suggestion that leads them to do so