355: VGI, LBS, OPEN SOURCE

VOLUNTEERED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

  • Spatial data that are contributed voluntarily by individuals, that can be assembled, disseminated and used freely

    • VGI constitutes a profound transition in how we know the world, make and validate knowledge, reproduce and challenge constructs such as accuracy or reliability that guide knowledge production in research

GEOSPATIAL WEB

  • A new democratic information age

    • participation and interaction

    • bottom-up decision making

    • self organization

    • user created content

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNT: profound shift in spatial data

Haiti and the 2010 earthquake

  • didn’t have any open data - very little mapping data about infrastructure

    • data infrastructure owned by different companies

    • people flew to haiti and uploaded data to open sources

      • user generated place marks

LOCATION BASED SERVICES

  • an application that offers info about where a user and her mobile location aware device is situated

  • the key to LBS is spatial data

    • the software is not location based without a customers location

  • generally for profit, but also for navigation

    • LBS qualities of service

      • Horizontal accuracy

      • Response time

      • US federal comm commission requires 100 meter accuracy 67% of the time for emergency response purposes 54

        • Quality of software

        • Reliability

        • Algorithm appropriateness

        • interface quality

        • communication quality

        • content decision making

GEOVISUALIZATION

  • The display of geospatial info to be explored interactively in an effort to facilitate the process of hypothesis formation and knowledge construction

  • to display LBS mapviews

SENSORS EVERYWHERE

  • All sensors reporting position

  • all connected to the web

  • all with metadata registered

  • all readable remotely

  • some controllable remotely

    • all for spatial data

CHALLENGES: SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE

  • semantics

    • heterogeneity

    • the way things a categorized and organized are different everywhere

  • ontology

    • Universe of discourse

    • spatial data

      • what can you put on the map legend at the end of the day

  • interoperability

    • operating systems

    • sensors

    • databases

CHALLENGES: SCALE

  • multiple redundant sensors

  • info overloads

C:TEMPORAL DATA

  • Delivery relevant info

  • representation

    • Canada census

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

  • Surveillance

    • business, govt, personal

  • conspicuous mobility

    • about targeting customers

    • venture capitalists invested billions in location startups

    • sharing location within social networks

      • at the same time promoting mobility

      • sel surveilling spatial data bc ppl can see where we are

  • safety

BUSINESS MOTIVATION

  • conspicuous

  • echoes of snowden

the environ