ICSE 10 Physics: Force, Work, Energy, and Power

Key Formulas in the Chapter of Force

Moment of Force

• Moment of Force:
  $ext{Moment of force} = ext{Force} imes ext{perpendicular distance}$
• Units:
  • SI: $Nm$
  • CGS: $dyne imes cm$
  • Conversion: $1 ext{ Nm} = 10^{7} ext{ dyne cm}$

Work and Energy

• Work Done:
  $ext{Work} = ext{Force} imes ext{displacement} imes ext{cos}( heta)$
• Kinetic Energy:
  $KE = \frac{1}{2} mv^2$
• Potential Energy:
  $PE = mgh$

Newton's Laws of Motion

• Newton's Second Law:
  $F = ma$
• Newton's Third Law:
  $ext{For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction}$

Equilibrium

• Conditions for Equilibrium:
  • $ext{Sum of forces} = 0$
  • $ext{Sum of moments} = 0$

Friction

• Frictional Force:
  $F_f = ext{μ} N$

Where μ is the coefficient of friction and N is the normal force.

Gravitational Force

• Universal Law of Gravitation:
  $F = G \frac{m<em>1 m</em>2}{r^2}$

Where G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses, and r is the distance between their centers.