Module 7- State and Non-State Institution - Part 1

Overview of Culture, Society, and Politics

  • Course Title: Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics

  • Institution: Saint Francis of Assissi College - Las Pinas Campus

  • Academic Year: 2023 - 2024

Key Topics Covered

  • Human Evolution and Culture

  • Anthropology and the Study of Culture

  • Sociology and the Study of Society

  • Political Science and the Study of Politics

  • Enculturation and Socialization

  • Development of Humans as Social Actors

  • Humans and Institutions

  • Human Variation

  • Social Organization

  • State and Non-State Institutions

  • Emerging Social Challenges

  • Realities of Social Inequality

  • Education and Society

Learning Objectives

  • Explain the functions of state and non-state institutions

  • Differentiate the roles of non-state institutions in society

  • Analyze the importance of these institutions in society

  • Analyze the political structure of the Philippine government

Social Changes and Impact

  • Discussion on emerging social changes in the Philippines and globally

  • Sociological perspectives to explore the influence of social institutions on society

  • Factors affecting social change (internal/external)

Political Leadership in the Philippines

  • Elections every three years for local posts and six years for national positions

  • Importance of competent leaders for national governance

Functions of Elected Leaders

  • Govern the nation

  • Craft policies for citizens' welfare

  • Control various agencies

  • Allocate budgets and enforce laws for peace and order

Concepts of Power

  • Definition: Power as the ability to influence actions and decisions

  • Sources of Power:

    • Force: Imposition through threat or coercion

    • Influence: Persuasive relationship without force

    • Authority: Legitimate power from established means

Types of Authority

  • Traditional Authority: Passed down through generations (e.g., monarchies)

  • Rational-Legal Authority: Based on laws and constitutions (e.g., elected officials)

  • Charismatic Authority: Based on the leader's personality and charm

The State as a Social Institution

  • Four main functions:

    1. Maintain peace and order

    2. Plan and direct society

    3. Meet social needs

    4. Manage international relations

Political Organizations

  • Types of organizations include bands, chiefdoms, tribes, and states

  • Each organization varies in complexity and social structure

  • Examples of social conflict resolution methods in bands and tribes

State Organization in the Philippines

  • Governed by the 1987 Constitution

  • Structure: legislative, executive, and judiciary branches

    • Legislative: Crafts laws

    • Executive: Executes laws and manages budget

    • Judiciary: Dispenses justice and interprets laws

Independent Commissions under the 1987 Constitution

  • Commission on Elections (COMELEC)

  • Commission on Human Rights (CHR)

  • Civil Service Commission (CSC)

  • Commission on Audit (COA)

Local Government Structure

  • National government ensures law enforcement at a country level

  • Local governments implement laws within respective communities

  • Local government units (LGUs) include city/municipal, barangay, and regional levels

Bangsamoro Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao (BARMM)

  • Established via Bangsamoro Organic Law in 2019

  • Governed by a parliamentary system led by a Wali and a Chief Minister

  • Operates with a judiciary system based on Sharia Law

Conclusion

  • Continuous need for awareness regarding social changes and their impacts on communities.