Directions: Entire 90 minutes to complete, not open note.

Composition: This test will consist of 36 multiple choice questions, 2 Fill-in-the-blanks, 1 multiple answer, and 2 FRQ and will be worth 50 points.

Note: Refer to your Unit 1 and 2 Source Encounter guide! All of the stimuli that you will see on the test will be primary and secondary sources that you should be familiar with.

Notecard:

the kingdoms, the kingdom responsible for the terracotta sculptures, the different laws that went against the enslaved,

 Things to Consider:

• The main focus of African American studies/ how it differs from other disciplines

  • The main focus of African-American studies is to explore the history of people of African descent, the legacy of slavery, and how racism pervades our social structures

  • It differs by being an interdisciplinary academic field

• Bantu Migration (reasons for it/origin point)

  • Reasons: the population growth caused by technological and agricultural innovations in West Africa led to the migration

  • Origin Point: West Central Africa

• African Diaspora

• Sudanic Empires (what they were known for)(Notecard)

  • Ghana: 7th-13th century; were rich because their power lay in trade and they controlled the southern trans-Saharam trade route (the key was the Asian camel), traded ivory, enslaved people, and gold

  • Mali: under the reign of Suniata, Mali rose in economic and military power, they converted to Islam which gained them stature among Arab states, and the most important city was Timbuktu, which reached its peak during the reign of Mansa Musa

  • Songhai: emerged after the decline of Mali and their leader Sunni Ali founded the empire, then when he died Askia Muhammed Toure took power and spread the influence of Islam, following the Portuguese exploration the trade routes shifted from Trans-Saharan to the Atlantic which kind of killed Songhai

• Mansa Musa

  • the wealthiest rulers in the world has ever known, made himself and Mali famous when he undertook a pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca

• Connection between Sudanic empires and early generations of African Americans

• The majority of enslaved Africans transported directly to North America descended from societies in two regions: West Africa and West Central Africa

• Causes of the shift from trans-Saharan trade to Atlantic trade

  • When the Portuguese did their exploration along the west coast of Africa

• “Outcast” by Claude McKay

• Purpose/usage of natural resources in Ancient East Africa

• What society is known for its terracotta sculptures? 

• Nok society?

• What was Mali/Mansa Musa known internationally for?

  • Mansa Musa was known for his trip to Mecca, bringing the influence of Islam, and the wealth of Mali because it was a popular trade center

• Role of Griots

  • prestigious historians, storytellers, and musicians who maintained and shared a community’s history, traditions, and cultural practices

• Influence of syncretic religions and cultural practices from Africa on African-American communities

  • Through the blending of religions about ¼ of African Americans descend from Christian societies in Africa and about ¼ descend from Muslim societies. Along with that popular spiritual practices can be traced back to West Africa (veneration, divination, healing, and collective singing and dancing)

• Swahili Coast and international trade

  • The Swahili Coast was significant because where they were located they had access to Arab, Persian, Indian, and Chinese trading communities and it garnered the attention of Europeans, specifically the Portuguese

• What united the Swahili Coast city-states?

  • they were united by the fact they shared the same culture and language (Islam and Swahili)

• “Excerpt of letter from Nzinga Mbemba to Portuguese King João III,” (reasons for writing)

  • Basically, Nzinga wanted the king to stop letting people in his kingdom because they weren’t acting right and kept kidnapping the people of Africa and asked him to do something to make it right in the eyes of god

• Reasons why Africans went to Europe and Europeans went to Africa early on 

• “On Being Brought from Africa to America” by Phillis Wheatley 

• African American reaction to the American Colonization Society

  • Many black people emphasized their American identity by rejecting the term African

• President who supported the American Colonization Society

  • Abraham Lincoln or James Maddison

• Colored Conventions

  • Meetings that serve as a foreground to share heritage

• Slave Ship Diagrams (conditions on ship/ purpose)

  • Purpose: had a systematic arrangement for captives that aimed to maximize profit by transporting as many people as possible

  • Conditions: horrible.

• La Amistad (events/ results)

  • Event: Sengbe Pieh led a revolt on the Spanish boat, La Amistad

  • Results: After a 2-year trial the Supreme Court granted the Mende captives their freedom and the trial generated public sympathy for the cause of abolition

• (Will have to read the extended source) Why did Black women have to endure sexual violence?

  • They had to endure sexual violence because really didn’t have any choice they would have to deal with the consequences like having their children taken away, death, and verbal threats

• (Will have to read the extended source)Methods Black women used to resist their attackers

  • They fought their attackers, using plants as abortion-inducing drugs, infanticide, and running away with their children when possible

• (Will have to read the extended source)The main message of slave narratives by Black women

  • Domestic life, Modesty, family, and resistance against sexual violence

• (Will have to read the extended source)What is significant about the Haitian Revolution?

  • It was the first time that a slave revolt overthrew their slave-holding government and gave hope to all the enslaved people in the Americas that they could do the same while serving as a symbol of Black Freedom and sovereignty

• (Will have to read the extended source)Reasons Southern planters would be concerned about the Haitian Revolution

  • The revolution proved to the Southern slaves that they could rise themselves and have successful outcomes just like they did in Haiti. And something to deal with people coming to the States idk

• (Will have to read the extended source)Rebellions inspired by the Haitian Revolution

  • The Louisiana Slave Revolt (1811) and the Male uprising of Muslim slaves (1835)

• (Will have to read the extended source)The lesson that Haiti taught the world

  • A lesson that Haiti taught the world was about slavery and liberty (the source with Fredrick Douglas talking about the Haitian Revolution)

• Laws of Virginia, Act XII, General Assembly  (legal status of children, attitudes of colonial society)

  • The legal status of children was dependent on the status of the mother (if the mother was a slave, no matter if the father was free or not, the child was to be legally enslaved)

  • Laws of virgina:

  • Act XII:

  • General Assembly:

• FRQ 1: Great Zimbabwe

• FRQ 2: General Order No.3/Juneteenth