Health and Social care - Vertical section of a bone

Osteoporosis

Monitoring-

Bone density scans

blood tests

fracture of unsual bone

Treatments

taking calcium and vitamin D

Carry out load bearing exercise

taking HRT (hormone replacement therpy)

Taking bisphosphonates

taking medication to strengthen bones having physiotherapy

using tens

Arthritis

Osteparthitis-

Symptoms and effects

  • joints become painful and stiff, most often knees and hips

  • cracking noise or grating sensation of the joint

  • limited use of joints

  • joints more knobbly than usual

biological explanation

  • general wear and tear of joints is normal but with osteoarthritis the cartilige is lost bony growths develope and the area becomes inflamed

  • cartildge becomes stiff loses elasticity and may wear away over time. ligaments stretch and eventually bones rub together.

cause

called wear and tear arthritis

as you get older it may happen

being overweight puts strain on joints

if a joint is damaged then this can lead to oseoarthisis.

Rheumatoid arthritis - attacks body by mistake

symptoms and effects

vary from person to person and may come and go over time

throbbing pain and aching stiff joints, joints swell up and are painful to touch

firm swelling called rheumatoid modules can develope under the skin around affected joints

biological explanation

the immune system mistakenly attacks the cells that line the joints

the synovial membrane that lines and lubricates the joints becomes inflamed and sore, this gradually destroys the cartilage

scar tissue that replaces the cartildge becomes misshappen.

cause not yet known what causes it

one theory is a virus starts it

smoking and hormones levels affect it

it could be inherited