Endocrinologic Diseases

  • Diabetes Mellitus: A group of diseases that result in too much sugar in the blood (high blood glucose), hyperglycemia.

  • Central Diabetes Insipidus: A rare disorder that causes an imbalance of water in the body, leading to intense thirst and heavy urination due to a problem with a lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) production or release.

  • Hypoglycemia: A condition in which your blood sugar (glucose) level is lower than the standard healthy range.

  • Hyperparathyroidism: A condition where the parathyroid glands create too much parathyroid hormone, leading to high levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia).

  • Hypoparathyroidism: A rare condition where the body produces abnormally low levels of parathyroid hormone, leading to low calcium levels in the blood (hypocalcemia).

  • Hyperthyroidism: A condition in which your thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, high metabolism.

  • Graves' disease: an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, shown by goiter, tremors, bulging eyes, and increased appetite.

  • Hypothyroidism: A condition in which your thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormone, slow growth.

  • Hashimoto's disease: an autoimmune disorder and a common cause of hypothyroidism. The immune system attacks the thyroid.

  • Goiter: An abnormal enlargement of your thyroid gland.

  • Congenital Iodine Deficiency Syndrome: Also known as cretinism, it's a condition resulting from severe iodine deficiency during fetal development and infancy, leading to impaired physical and mental development.

  • Primary Hyperaldosteronism: A condition in which the adrenal glands produce too much aldosterone, leading to high blood pressure and low potassium levels.

  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age, characterized by irregular periods, excess androgen levels, and often polycystic ovaries.

  • Cushing's Syndrome: Caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol. Causes weight gain, thin skin, easy bruising, muscle weakness, and hypertension.

  • Addison's Disease: The adrenal glands produce too little cortisol and or aldosterone. Symptoms include fatigue, weight loss, hypotension, darkened skin, and muscle weakness.

  • Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Rare tumors originate from pancreatic islets. Symptoms vary greatly depending on the hormones produced, but may include abdominal pain, weight loss, and digestive issues.

  • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A group of inherited disorders that affect the adrenal glands, leading to a deficiency in enzymes needed for hormone production, such as cortisol and aldosterone.

  • Myxedema: A severe form of hypothyroidism characterized by swelling of the face, hands, and feet, along with slow mental and physical activity.

  • Acromegaly: A hormonal disorder that results from too much growth hormone (GH) in the body, leading to enlarged bones in the face, hands, and feet, and changes in appearance.

  • Pituitary dwarfism: A condition caused by insufficient production of growth hormone by the pituitary gland, resulting in abnormally short stature.