graphic comms 1

the design process the organization and approach to solving problems. t to she 4 steps of the design process are 1. problem identification 2. ideation 3. refinement/analysis 4. implementation/documentation

problem identification is creating a statement of the need for and objectives for the design. (like a hypothesis. in a way)

ideation consists of technical sketches are often used to convey concepts to multidisciplinary teams. (getting an outline)

refinement/analysis is when designs are potentially rethought based on engineering analysis (will this work? if not how do we fix it?) -3D models, CAD models.

implementation/documentation deals with the the actual production 3d printing, getting the details on paper for assembly. this is when everything is finalized.

CAD is short for Computer aided design. this is a program we use to input a design digitally. Depending on how complex the project may be, this may or may not be needed.

The process of constructing and studying analytical is simplified through the use of CAD and CAM (computer aided manufacturing)

CAD allows for a range of activities, from modeling 2D and 3D geometry to creating drawings that document the design for manufacturing and legal considerations.

Design phase: ideation is called universal possibilities because the group seeks to consider every possible solution and not limit the design by preconceived notions of what will be best

Design phase: refinement when a product is approved for further development, the team moves into the refinement and analysis phases of the project, due to the “loop” these 2 phases form, they are often combined into one step called the development phase.

Rapid Prototyping systems allows designers to generate parts quickly, directly from 3D models for mockup and testing. || 3D printing

There are standards that support a uniform, effective graphic language for use in industry, manufacturing, engineering, and science. The ANSI (American national standards institute) and ASEE (American society for engineering education)

chapter 2

Third-angle projection is the projection method that you will be learning in this text. orthographic (right angle) projections are one type of parallel projection. in this projection, the projectors are perpendicular to the plane of projection. know which view shows which dimension.

technical drawings of 3D objects usually fit 1 of for 4 standard types of projection. these are Multiviews, axonometric (includes isometric), oblique, perspective.

Multiview is what we have been doing in class; we use third angle projection. Multiviews break the object down into multiple perspectives, whereas, axonometric (includes isometric), oblique (cabinet and cavalier), and perspective show the entire object from one view. only perspective have finite distances.

• visble line- reg line
• hidden line-
• dimension line-
• leader-
• Drawing lines- projected drawing views use specific line patterns to represent object features. For example, when drawing 3D objects, some lines represent the edges of surfaces that are hidden from view. These lines are dashed.
• Another type of line indicates the location of the center (looks like crosshairs) of a symmetrical feature (circles).
• Lettering is writing information clearly with specific spacing, and size, and all in a consistent manner (capitalized) to make sure no miscommunications occur.

Lettering is vital because showing notes and information legibly helps present your ideas to another clearly. Rules for lettering are: it has to be neat, easy to create, use styles acceptable for traditional drawings. Sans serf is frequently used and is also referred to as “gothic.”

most hand drawn notes in lettering are about 3 mms tall or 1/8 in. (one block on engineering paper, roughly.

CADS usually use a gothic (sans serf) style but often include Roman style for titles.

When adding lettering to a CAD drawing, a good rule of thumb is not to use more than 2 fonts when lettering.

be uniform w lettering, good spacing, size, be capital.

Scale: A large/tiny item cant be shown full size on paper, this is the role of a scale. It will help you maintain proportions equal to what the final should be.

Title blocks contain information should as the scale, your name, the idea’s/picture’s name and date . A title block should outline your page, and have a 2 block gap at the bottom for your information, the information should be in this order: name, drawing name, scale, date.

a visible line is what we often use for general, should be Thick- double the size of thin)

hidden lines- shows things hidden from view, (dashes)

centerline- shows the middle of a opening

dimensional line/extension line- thin with length in the middle, with legs on the side, does exactly what you think it does.

Leaders- tail and arrow- idk wtf that is for

metric system is standard 1:100

engineering - 1:10

most large manufactures use all metric dimensions for consistency

drawing scale is the reduction or enlargement of the drawn object relative to a real object

Sheet layout is all horizontal.

at least one drawing, maybe 2.

format: true false, fill in blank, measuring, lettering.

can start early